【摘要】：憲政思想在明治維新前后傳入日本,歷經(jīng)20余年的猶豫徘徊之后,產(chǎn)生了《大日本帝國憲法》及由其所規(guī)定的日本式"立憲"。戰(zhàn)后《日本國憲法》將主權(quán)天皇制改變?yōu)橄笳魈旎手?但戰(zhàn)前政治的操作手法仍舊沿襲至今。立憲政體中常見的多數(shù)爭奪,在日本政治中被改變成為由某一勢力集團(tuán)專屬的多數(shù)控制。少數(shù)服從多數(shù)的憲政原則,由此而失卻表決的最終結(jié)果未形成之前的不確定魅力,控制多數(shù)即意味著表決程序不過是完成了在形式上賦予事前決定以合法性。控制多數(shù)的政治勢力必成為國家的行政主體,國策的制定及執(zhí)行完全被納入其意志范疇之內(nèi)。多數(shù)主義向工具主義墜落的巨大慣性,可能將日本送往擺脫戰(zhàn)后體制束縛的目的地。
[Abstract]:Constitutional thought was introduced into Japan before and after the Meiji Restoration. After more than 20 years of hesitation, the Constitution of the Empire of Japan and its Japanese "constitution" came into being. After the war, the Japanese Constitution changed the sovereign emperor system to symbolize the emperor system, but the operation of pre-war politics continues to this day. Majority contention, common in constitutionalism, has been transformed into majority control by a group of forces in Japanese politics. The majority control means that the voting procedure merely completes the formal granting of legitimacy to the prior decision by controlling the majority, which is based on the principle of majority constitutionalism and thus loses the final result of voting before the formation of the uncertain charm. The political forces controlling the majority must become the administrative subject of the country, and the formulation and execution of the state policy are fully included in the scope of their will. The great inertia of the fall of majoritarianism towards instrumentalism could send Japan to a destination free from postwar institutional bondage.
【作者單位】： 東北師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;北華大學(xué)東亞歷史與文獻(xiàn)研究中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社會科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地(南開大學(xué)世界近現(xiàn)代史研究中心)重大項(xiàng)目“東亞世界的裂變——關(guān)于東亞國際政治對立局面形成之文化探源”(編號:14JJD770005) 國家社會科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目“中韓日三國的‘戰(zhàn)爭記憶’與歷史認(rèn)識問題比較研究”(編號:15ASS004)
【分類號】：D931.3;DD911

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