跨國公司社會責(zé)任承擔(dān)機制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-15 16:31
【摘要】：全球化擴大了跨國公司在世界經(jīng)濟方面的影響,同時社會對企業(yè)的期待值不斷升高,希望大企業(yè)能承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任。這些責(zé)任不僅表現(xiàn)在維護勞動者和消費者的權(quán)利,還表現(xiàn)在做到維護東道國環(huán)境資源的可持續(xù)利用等一系列方面。公司社會責(zé)任相關(guān)問題在理論界和實踐界的爭論由來已久,二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來相關(guān)問題一直是大家關(guān)心的熱點問題�！袄嫦嚓P(guān)者”理論和“公司公民”理論讓跨國公司社會責(zé)任的研究更有章可循,提供了最基本的理論支持;跨國公司在經(jīng)濟上的重要地位也使得對其進行約束十分必要:首先承擔(dān)社會責(zé)任有利于跨國公司的發(fā)展,其次可以增強東道國的經(jīng)濟安全,再次有利于勞動者和消費者權(quán)益的保護,第四可以引導(dǎo)跨國公司珍惜保護東道國的環(huán)境與資源。 跨國公司社會責(zé)任的核心內(nèi)容表現(xiàn)在人權(quán)、勞工、環(huán)境、反腐敗、公益等許多方面。相關(guān)的國際法規(guī)范從不同角度對跨國公司社會責(zé)任進行了規(guī)范,有的側(cè)重于強調(diào)社會責(zé)任外延的周延,有的側(cè)重于社會責(zé)任某一方面的具體規(guī)范。這些國際法規(guī)范有國際條約也有不具有強制執(zhí)行力的“軟法”,分為三類:政府間簽署的國際法規(guī)范體系、跨國公司主動適用的具有軟約束力的直接規(guī)范和非政府間國際組織的規(guī)范。在國內(nèi)法淵源上,通過分析對于公司社會責(zé)任規(guī)定最為完善的美國法和英國法,找到我國法律法規(guī)在公司社會責(zé)任方面的不足。 跨國公司社會責(zé)任的落腳點在于如何完善目前的承擔(dān)機制。分析跨國公司承擔(dān)社會責(zé)任的自愿性障礙給予跨國公司社會責(zé)任承擔(dān)機制一個新的規(guī)范視角。在國際法層面上,“軟法”可以試探不同國家對待跨國公司社會責(zé)任的態(tài)度和接受程度,為制定“硬法”做準(zhǔn)備。在條件成熟時,參考國際證監(jiān)會組織IOSCO的做法制定國際條約,然后通過條約下國家間的雙邊或多邊備忘錄的簽署,在國內(nèi)法層面對跨國公司社會責(zé)任的監(jiān)管制度制定統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在國內(nèi)法淵源上,中國可以通過不同的法律法規(guī)之間的功能互補實現(xiàn)對跨國公司社會責(zé)任的全面約束,整合整個法制資源完善對跨國公司社會責(zé)任的監(jiān)管,針對公司社會責(zé)任的內(nèi)容在多種法律部門從原則到具體規(guī)范做出詳細(xì)的規(guī)定。指導(dǎo)跨國公司承擔(dān)社會責(zé)任的實踐,規(guī)范對跨國公司違反相關(guān)法律法規(guī)的監(jiān)督和懲罰。另一方面,國家通過行政手段制定社會責(zé)任的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系,鼓勵跨國公司社會責(zé)任自律組織的建立和運行,落實法律法規(guī)中所規(guī)定的有關(guān)跨國公司社會責(zé)任的各項規(guī)定,引導(dǎo)跨國公司更好的承擔(dān)社會責(zé)任。
[Abstract]:Globalization has expanded the impact of transnational corporations on the world economy, while the social expectations for enterprises have been rising, hoping that large enterprises will take on more responsibilities. These responsibilities are manifested not only in safeguarding the rights of workers and consumers, but also in maintaining the sustainable use of environmental resources in host countries. The issues related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been debated for a long time in the field of theory and practice. The theory of "stakeholder" and "corporate citizen" makes the research of transnational corporations' social responsibility more regular and provides the most basic theoretical support. The important position of transnational corporations in the economy also makes it necessary to restrain them: first, social responsibility is good for the development of transnational corporations, and secondly, it can enhance the economic security of host countries. Thirdly, it is beneficial to the protection of workers' and consumers' rights and interests. Fourth, it can guide multinational companies to cherish and protect the environment and resources of the host country. The core contents of transnational corporations' social responsibility are human rights, labor, environment, anti-corruption, public welfare and so on. The relevant norms of international law regulate the social responsibility of transnational corporations from different angles, some of which emphasize the extension of social responsibility, and others focus on the specific norms of a certain aspect of social responsibility. These norms of international law are either international treaties or "soft law" that are not enforceable and fall into three categories: a system of norms of international law signed between governments, Direct soft-binding norms applied by multinational corporations and norms of non-governmental international organizations. In the source of domestic law, through the analysis of the most perfect regulation of corporate social responsibility, American law and English law, to find out our laws and regulations in terms of corporate social responsibility deficiencies. The social responsibility of multinational corporations lies in how to perfect the present undertaking mechanism. The analysis of voluntary barriers to the social responsibility of transnational corporations gives them a new normative perspective. In the aspect of international law, "soft law" can test the attitude and acceptance of different countries towards transnational corporations' social responsibility and prepare for the formulation of "hard law". When conditions are ripe, draw on the practice of IOSCO of the International Organization of Securities and Futures Commissions to develop international treaties, which are then signed through bilateral or multilateral memorandums of understanding between States under the treaties, At the level of domestic law, the supervision system of transnational corporations' social responsibility should be unified. In terms of the origin of domestic law, China can realize the comprehensive restriction on the social responsibility of transnational corporations by complementing the functions of different laws and regulations, and integrate the whole legal resources to perfect the supervision of the social responsibility of transnational corporations. The content of corporate social responsibility in a variety of legal departments from principles to specific norms to make detailed provisions. To guide the practice of multinational corporations to assume social responsibility and to regulate the supervision and punishment of transnational corporations violating relevant laws and regulations. On the other hand, the state, through administrative means, formulates a standard system of social responsibility, encourages the establishment and operation of self-regulatory organizations for transnational corporations' social responsibility, and implements the provisions on the social responsibility of transnational corporations as stipulated in laws and regulations. To guide multinational companies to better assume social responsibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D90
本文編號：2124694
[Abstract]:Globalization has expanded the impact of transnational corporations on the world economy, while the social expectations for enterprises have been rising, hoping that large enterprises will take on more responsibilities. These responsibilities are manifested not only in safeguarding the rights of workers and consumers, but also in maintaining the sustainable use of environmental resources in host countries. The issues related to corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been debated for a long time in the field of theory and practice. The theory of "stakeholder" and "corporate citizen" makes the research of transnational corporations' social responsibility more regular and provides the most basic theoretical support. The important position of transnational corporations in the economy also makes it necessary to restrain them: first, social responsibility is good for the development of transnational corporations, and secondly, it can enhance the economic security of host countries. Thirdly, it is beneficial to the protection of workers' and consumers' rights and interests. Fourth, it can guide multinational companies to cherish and protect the environment and resources of the host country. The core contents of transnational corporations' social responsibility are human rights, labor, environment, anti-corruption, public welfare and so on. The relevant norms of international law regulate the social responsibility of transnational corporations from different angles, some of which emphasize the extension of social responsibility, and others focus on the specific norms of a certain aspect of social responsibility. These norms of international law are either international treaties or "soft law" that are not enforceable and fall into three categories: a system of norms of international law signed between governments, Direct soft-binding norms applied by multinational corporations and norms of non-governmental international organizations. In the source of domestic law, through the analysis of the most perfect regulation of corporate social responsibility, American law and English law, to find out our laws and regulations in terms of corporate social responsibility deficiencies. The social responsibility of multinational corporations lies in how to perfect the present undertaking mechanism. The analysis of voluntary barriers to the social responsibility of transnational corporations gives them a new normative perspective. In the aspect of international law, "soft law" can test the attitude and acceptance of different countries towards transnational corporations' social responsibility and prepare for the formulation of "hard law". When conditions are ripe, draw on the practice of IOSCO of the International Organization of Securities and Futures Commissions to develop international treaties, which are then signed through bilateral or multilateral memorandums of understanding between States under the treaties, At the level of domestic law, the supervision system of transnational corporations' social responsibility should be unified. In terms of the origin of domestic law, China can realize the comprehensive restriction on the social responsibility of transnational corporations by complementing the functions of different laws and regulations, and integrate the whole legal resources to perfect the supervision of the social responsibility of transnational corporations. The content of corporate social responsibility in a variety of legal departments from principles to specific norms to make detailed provisions. To guide the practice of multinational corporations to assume social responsibility and to regulate the supervision and punishment of transnational corporations violating relevant laws and regulations. On the other hand, the state, through administrative means, formulates a standard system of social responsibility, encourages the establishment and operation of self-regulatory organizations for transnational corporations' social responsibility, and implements the provisions on the social responsibility of transnational corporations as stipulated in laws and regulations. To guide multinational companies to better assume social responsibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D90
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