【摘要】：公眾參與立法制度是指不特定的社會(huì)公眾(自然人、法人或其它組織)在有權(quán)的立法主體的組織下,按照法定程序或遵循法定方式有序地參與立法主體創(chuàng)制、修改、補(bǔ)充、廢止規(guī)范性法律文件的活動(dòng),以充分表達(dá)意見(jiàn)或利益訴求,并對(duì)立法主體的立法活動(dòng)全過(guò)程實(shí)施監(jiān)督的民主立法制度。公眾參與立法制度作為現(xiàn)代民主立法制度不可或缺的重要組成部分,必須以民主理論為前提,以法定程序?yàn)槠浔Ｕ稀?雖然我國(guó)公眾參與立法正走向良性的發(fā)展方向,但受法律規(guī)定不完善,不良立法觀念影響,使得現(xiàn)行的立法實(shí)踐不利于激勵(lì)公眾參與立法。法律在公眾參與立法的領(lǐng)域、公眾意見(jiàn)的反饋機(jī)制、立法機(jī)關(guān)采納公眾意見(jiàn)約束機(jī)制、公眾參與立法的救濟(jì)途徑、追究立法機(jī)關(guān)責(zé)任的懲治機(jī)制方面缺乏明確具體的規(guī)定。加之我國(guó)公眾參與立法剛起步,公眾提出意見(jiàn)質(zhì)量不是很高,個(gè)別部門(mén)將部門(mén)利益法制化,阻礙合法建議入法,造成公眾參與影響立法的成效并不顯著,立法民主推進(jìn)民主科學(xué)立法的作用并不明顯。針對(duì)此,本文在討論公眾參與立法基于的民主理論基礎(chǔ)上,理性認(rèn)識(shí)公眾參與立法的價(jià)值,根據(jù)我國(guó)公眾參與立法的現(xiàn)狀、公眾參與存在的困境,提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)意見(jiàn),希望有益于我國(guó)公眾參與立法的完善。
[Abstract]:Public participation in the legislative system refers to the participation of the public (natural person, legal person or other organization) in the creation, revision and supplement of the legislative subject in an orderly manner in accordance with the legal procedure or in accordance with the legal procedure, under the organization of the competent legislative subject. The activities of normative legal documents should be abolished in order to fully express opinions or interest demands and to supervise the whole process of legislative activities of the main body of legislation in a democratic legislative system. As an indispensable part of modern democratic legislative system, public participation in legislation system must be based on democratic theory and legal procedure. Although the legislation of public participation in our country is heading for a benign development direction, it is influenced by imperfect legal provisions and bad legislative ideas, which makes the current legislative practice unfavorable for encouraging the public to participate in legislation. In the field of public participation in legislation, the feedback mechanism of public opinion, the adoption of public opinion restraint mechanism, the relief ways of public participation in legislation and the punishment mechanism of investigating the responsibility of legislative organs, there is a lack of clear and specific provisions in the legislative organs. In addition, the public participation in legislation in our country has just started, the quality of public opinions is not very high, individual departments legalize the interests of the departments and hinder the legal proposal to enter the law, resulting in public participation affecting the effectiveness of the legislation is not significant. The role of legislation and democracy in promoting democratic scientific legislation is not obvious. In view of this, on the basis of discussing the democratic theory of public participation in legislation, this paper rationally recognizes the value of public participation in legislation, according to the current situation of public participation in legislation, the predicament of public participation, and puts forward corresponding suggestions for improvement. I hope it will be beneficial to the perfection of the legislation of public participation in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D920.0

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