本文選題：碳關稅 + 邊境調節(jié)稅��； 參考：《華東政法大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球氣候問題越來越嚴重,各國寄希望于哥本哈根氣候大會能形成有效的解決此問題的辦法,并希望在此次大會上進一步確認2012年前各國應承擔的減排責任,但其無果而終。無疑,美國和歐盟作為排放大國理應采取措施切實地承擔減排義務。事實是,在美國盡管奧巴馬政府態(tài)度積極,并宣布將在2020年前減排17%,但國會之前的態(tài)度卻一直不明朗,甚至否決了2008年意在具體規(guī)定如何減排的《利伯曼-沃納氣候議案》。目前,歐盟已經有了較為詳細的碳排放交易制度,2009年美國的《清潔能源與安全法案》通過,并確立了其“總量管制與交易制度”。然而,不管是歐盟的“碳排放交易制度”還是美國目前的“總量管制與交易制度”,都要求其國內的進口商根據其進口的產品生產過程中排放的CO2量支付相應的稅費,即所謂的“碳關稅”。但是,發(fā)展中國家并不認為美國的這種“碳關稅”可以對全球氣候變化起到作用,相反,他們普遍認為這實際上是美國等發(fā)達國家在新的國際環(huán)境下采取的一種新型貿易壁壘,是貿易保護主義的新體現(xiàn)。因此,本文將通過研究美國2008年的《利伯曼-沃納氣候議案》來檢驗美國的“碳關稅”在WTO法律框架下的合法性。這對于我國政府應對美國等發(fā)達國家的“碳關稅”將對產生的消極影響具有非常重要的指導意義。而且,本文通過分析后得出結論認為:美國的“碳關稅”違反WTO的基本原則和規(guī)定。 本文按照以下機構進行論述:第一部分介紹了碳關稅產生的背景及相關的概念。第二部分分析了美國2008年《利伯曼-沃納氣候議案》及《美國清潔能源與安全法案》中關于“碳關稅”的具體制度設計。第三部分作為重點部分集中論述了美國“碳關稅”與WTO基本原則及具體規(guī)定的沖突及表現(xiàn)。第四部分通過前面章節(jié)的論述探討了“碳關稅”可能會對我國產生的影響及我國可采取的應對策略。本文在最后的結論部分闡述觀點,即“碳關稅”在WTO法律框架下不具有合法性。
[Abstract]:The global climate problem is getting worse, and the hope is that the Copenhagen climate conference will produce an effective solution to the problem, and hope to further confirm the responsibility of countries to reduce emissions by 2012, but in vain. There is no doubt that the United States and the European Union, as big emitters, should take measures to meet their emission reduction obligations. The fact is that in the United States, despite the Obama administration's positive attitude and its announcement that it will cut emissions by 17 by 2020, congressional attitudes remain unclear, even vetoing the 2008 Lieberman-Werner climate bill, which is intended to specify how to cut emissions. At present, the European Union has a more detailed carbon trading system, the 2009 U. S. Clean Energy and Security Act passed, and established its "Total Control and Trading system." However, both the European Union's "carbon emissions trading system" and the current "total quantity control and trading system" in the United States require domestic importers to pay corresponding taxes and fees according to the amount of CO2 emitted during the production of imported products. The so-called "carbon tariff". However, developing countries do not think that the "carbon tariffs" of the United States can contribute to global climate change. On the contrary, they generally believe that this is actually a new type of trade barrier adopted by developed countries such as the United States in the new international environment. It is a new manifestation of trade protectionism. Therefore, this paper will examine the validity of the carbon tariff of the United States under the WTO legal framework by studying the 2008 Lieberman-Werner Climate Bill. This will have a very important guiding significance for our government to deal with the "carbon tariff" of developed countries such as the United States. Furthermore, the paper concludes that the carbon tariff of the United States violates the basic principles and regulations of WTO. This paper discusses the following institutions: the first part introduces the background and related concepts of carbon tariff. The second part analyzes the system design of carbon tariff in the 2008 Lieberman-Werner Climate Act and the Clean Energy and Security Act of the United States. The third part focuses on the conflict and manifestation between American carbon tariff and WTO basic principles and regulations. The fourth part discusses the possible impact of carbon tariff on China and the countermeasures adopted by our country. In the final part of the conclusion, this paper expounds the viewpoint that carbon tariff has no legitimacy under WTO legal framework.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.29;D996.1

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 黃文旭;國際法視野下的碳關稅問題研究[D];華東政法大學;2011年

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本文編號：2038860