本文選題：清代 + 旗人�。� 參考：《寧夏大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：清代八旗制度是清太祖努爾哈赤創(chuàng)制的兵農(nóng)合一的軍政制度,也是后金國最根本的政治制度。后金政權(quán)的建立以及從奴隸制向封建制轉(zhuǎn)變的過程中,圍繞八旗制度創(chuàng)設(shè)了獨(dú)具滿族特色的司法制度,例如“三復(fù)審”制度、“金漢另審”制度等�；侍珮O于天聰五年(1631)七月仿照明制,下令設(shè)立刑部,主掌司法審判,使得后金司法制度向封建司法制度邁進(jìn)了一大步。清入關(guān)后,八旗軍隊(duì)的軍事職能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)轳v防職能,并分別駐守京師和各省。為了減少滿漢之間的摩擦,妥善解決難以調(diào)和的民族矛盾,清朝統(tǒng)治者實(shí)行“旗民分治”的二元司法體制,即針對旗人和民人實(shí)行不同的司法制度。當(dāng)然,這是旗人法律特權(quán)的一種表現(xiàn)形式。清中期以后,隨著旗人與民人的交流、融合,清朝統(tǒng)治者逐漸有意消除旗人與民人的差異,實(shí)行了犯罪旗人銷檔和漢軍出旗等政策。由于八旗日益困難的生計(jì)和旗人犯罪現(xiàn)象日益突出,八旗制度逐漸走向衰落。隨著清末司法改革將旗人的司法制度徹底廢止,最終在辛亥革命后正式退出歷史舞臺。本文的寫作目的不僅是要闡明旗人司法制度的發(fā)展演進(jìn)過程,同時(shí)還希望能夠通過挖掘其發(fā)展特點(diǎn)與規(guī)律,從中得到對中國當(dāng)代司法改革的啟示。
[Abstract]:The system of the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty was a military and political system which was created by the Qing Tai Zu Nur Ha Che. It was also the most fundamental political system of the post gold state. The establishment of the post gold regime and the transformation from slavery to the feudal system created a judicial system with unique Manchu characteristics around the Eight Banners system, such as the "three retrial" system and the "golden Han trial" system. Emperor Taiji, in five years (1631) of Tian con, imitates the Ming system in July, ordered the establishment of the Ministry of punishment and the judicial trial of the master, which made a great step towards the feudal judicial system. After the clearance of the customs, the military functions of the eight banners were transformed into garrison functions, and they were stationed in the teachers and provinces respectively. In order to reduce the friction between the Manchu and the Han, we could properly solve the friction between the Manchu and the Han. The two yuan judicial system that the rulers of the Qing Dynasty carried out "divide and treat the flag people", that is, to carry out different judicial systems for the flag and the people. Of course, this is a form of expression of the legal privileges of the flag man. After the mid Qing Dynasty, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty gradually eliminated the flag and the people with the exchange of the flag and the people. As a result of the increasingly difficult livelihoods of the eight banners and the increasingly prominent phenomenon of the flag man's crime, the Eight Banners system gradually declined. As the judicial reform of the late Qing Dynasty completely abolished the judicial system of the flag man, it finally withdrew from the historical stage after the 1911 Revolution. The purpose of this article is not only to be written in this paper. It is necessary to clarify the process of the development and evolution of the judicial system of the flag man, and at the same time, we hope to get the enlightenment to the reform of Chinese contemporary judicature through the excavation of its characteristics and laws.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K249;D929

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