本文選題：哈貝馬斯協(xié)商民主理論 + 公權(quán)力　； 參考：《廣州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：公權(quán)力被認(rèn)為是最容易侵犯人權(quán)的工具,理論普遍認(rèn)為公權(quán)力是必須被制約的,而且現(xiàn)代大多數(shù)國(guó)家都是通過(guò)憲法來(lái)達(dá)到這一目的。我國(guó)憲法也對(duì)公權(quán)力作了一些規(guī)定,但這些規(guī)定顯然不足以達(dá)到規(guī)范公權(quán)力的目的,以至于近年來(lái)公權(quán)力被濫用的現(xiàn)象頻頻發(fā)生。公權(quán)力是必須被警惕的,為了更好地限制公權(quán)力必須大力發(fā)展和完善我國(guó)的民主制度,改革創(chuàng)新民主的形式,讓人民真正實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)家作主。 作為當(dāng)代西方民主理論的最新發(fā)展,協(xié)商民主理論尤其是哈貝馬斯的協(xié)商民主理論,對(duì)保證公民自治和真正民主的實(shí)現(xiàn)有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。哈貝馬斯的協(xié)商民主理論包括兩個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容:首先協(xié)商民主是一種程序,這種程序最大的特征是它的協(xié)商性。這種協(xié)商的目的是實(shí)現(xiàn)偏好的改變而不是偏好的聚合,從而合理地推動(dòng)意見(jiàn)達(dá)到一致。只有通過(guò)這種協(xié)商的程序才能產(chǎn)生合法和合理的結(jié)果。哈貝馬斯的協(xié)商民主理論主要是通過(guò)其特殊的民主程序?qū)珯?quán)力進(jìn)行制約。公民廣泛享有政治參與權(quán)和交往權(quán),對(duì)所有具有公共利益的事務(wù)進(jìn)行政治交往,在此過(guò)程中形成政治意志進(jìn)而尋求立法的目標(biāo),通過(guò)法律來(lái)保護(hù)他們相互承認(rèn)的權(quán)利或者控制國(guó)家權(quán)力。 哈貝馬斯的協(xié)商民主理論對(duì)公權(quán)力的限制作用必須最終在憲法上得到體現(xiàn)。通過(guò)憲法規(guī)定協(xié)商民主為政治生活的基本方式、保障公民的自主性及規(guī)范公共領(lǐng)域來(lái)落實(shí)對(duì)公權(quán)力的制約,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)人權(quán)的保障。
[Abstract]:Public power is regarded as the most vulnerable tool to violate human rights. The theory generally holds that public power must be restricted, and most modern countries use constitution to achieve this goal. The constitution of our country has also made some provisions on public power, but these provisions are obviously not enough to achieve the purpose of standardizing public power, so that the abuse of public power has occurred frequently in recent years. In order to restrict public power, we must vigorously develop and perfect our democratic system, reform and innovate the form of democracy, so that the people can truly become masters of their own country. As the latest development of contemporary western democratic theory, the theory of deliberative democracy, especially Habermas's theory of deliberative democracy, has important guiding significance for guaranteeing citizen autonomy and the realization of real democracy. Habermas' theory of deliberative democracy includes two aspects: firstly, deliberative democracy is a procedure, the most characteristic of which is its negotiability. The purpose of this negotiation is to achieve the change of preference rather than the convergence of preferences, so as to reasonably promote consensus. Only through such a consultative process can legitimate and reasonable results be achieved. Habermas's theory of deliberative democracy mainly restricts public power through its special democratic procedure. Citizens widely enjoy the right of political participation and the right of communication, and conduct political exchanges on all matters of public interest. In this process, political will is formed and the goal of legislation is sought. The law protects their rights to each other or controls the power of the state. Habermas's theory of deliberative democracy must finally be embodied in the constitution. The constitution stipulates that deliberative democracy is the basic way of political life, ensuring the autonomy of citizens and standardizing the public sphere to implement the restriction of public power, and finally realize the protection of human rights.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D909.1

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