本文選題：民國十九年土地法 + 土地改革　； 參考：《海南大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：1930年的這部民國土地法,是在國民黨統(tǒng)治大陸時期,有關(guān)于土地問題的一次十分重要的立法活動,其制定的內(nèi)容涉及方方面面。在編制上,該法將施行和法例同列在一章,各編為單行法,從立法技術(shù)的角度來看,相比于當時的法律立法而言,已屬超前。 孫中山先生很早就意識到中國土地問題的重要性,在歷次的文告和演說中反復強調(diào)過,到后來有進一步的耕者有其田,南京國民政府將此作為土地立法和行政的指導性原則。在歷次的國民黨中央全會中所制定的土地改革,從《土地法原則》、到民國十九年土地法的頒布,以及在此基礎上所建立起來的地政設施、所開展的各項地政活動,都是遵循此思路的。土地法從草擬到公布,經(jīng)過一年半的研究討論。從1928年開始醞釀土地法,到擬定出《土地法原則》九條,以此作為制定土地法的依據(jù)；土地法委員會又再依據(jù)該原則,多次開會進行討論,擬好《土地法初稿》；召集了財政、法制、經(jīng)濟各委員會召開聯(lián)席會議詳加審查,分別修正通過,完成《土地法草案》共405條,又提付二讀,刪去8條,再經(jīng)三讀,最后一致通過；1931年公布,由此可見立法態(tài)度相當之謹慎,并且當時立法技術(shù)已相當成氣候,土地法幾經(jīng)修改,為的是適應現(xiàn)實變化的需要。1934年地政學會擬具修改土地法意見書,中央政治委員會1936年5月將修正土地法二十三條原則全部通過,使此時的土地法日趨完善,到1946年又頒布了《修正土地法草案趣旨說明》,將之前的原則進一步修訂,并再次公布土地法。直到1936年3月10日,國民政府才明令施行,并于1936年冬通過了《土地法修正原則》,除了內(nèi)容涵蓋面廣,從態(tài)度來看也很積極,積極去學習和借鑒國外的先進法律制度,并結(jié)合本國的實際情況,從而制定出相應的政策法規(guī)。這對我國此后的法制建設工作具有重要的借鑒作用。本文通過引用的真實案例,結(jié)合土地法相關(guān)條文給以深入淺出的解讀。
[Abstract]:The land law of the Republic of China in 1930 was a very important legislative activity on the land issue during the period of the Kuomintang ruling mainland. From the point of view of legislative technology, the law is in advance of the legislation at that time. Mr Sun Zhongshan has long recognized the importance of China's land problem, and has repeatedly stressed in successive proclamations and speeches that further tillers will later have their fields, which the Nanjing National Government regards as a guiding principle in land legislation and administration. From the Land Law principles to the promulgation of the Land Law in 1949 and the land lands facilities established on the basis of the land reform formulated in successive plenary sessions of the Kuomintang Central Committee, various land activities have been carried out. All follow this train of thought. The land law was studied and discussed for a year and a half from drafting to publication. From 1928 to 1928, when the Land Law was conceived, nine articles of the principles of Land Law were formulated as the basis for the formulation of the Land Law. The Land Law Commission, on the basis of this principle, met many times to discuss and draft the draft Land Law, and called together the public finances. The legal system and the economic committees held a joint meeting to examine and approve respectively 405 articles of the draft Land Law, to be read the second time, to delete 8 articles, to be read the third time, and finally passed unanimously; published in 1931, Thus it can be seen that the legislative attitude was rather cautious, and that the legislative techniques were already quite well-developed, and the Land Law had been amended several times to meet the needs of changes in reality. In 1934, the Lands Institute prepared a written opinion on the amendment of the Land Law. In May 1936, the political Committee of the Central Committee adopted all the 23 principles for amending the Land Law, which made the Land Law more and more perfect at that time. By 1946, it had promulgated the Notes on the draft revised Land Law and further revised the previous principles. And again published the land law. It was not until March 10, 1936, that the National Government made a decree and adopted the principles of Land Law Amendment in the winter of 1936. Besides covering a wide range of contents, it was also very positive in terms of attitude, and actively studied and learned from the advanced legal systems of foreign countries. And combined with the actual situation of our country, so as to formulate the corresponding policies and regulations. This has important reference function to the legal system construction work of our country since then. In this paper, the real case cited, combined with the relevant provisions of land law to give a simple interpretation.
【學位授予單位】：海南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.3;D929

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