發(fā)布時間：2018-04-26 18:23

  本文選題：自生自發(fā)秩序 + 知識論�。� 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自生自發(fā)秩序作為哈耶克社會思想的核心概念,是認(rèn)識和把握其個人自由與社會秩序之間關(guān)系的中心問題,對這一理論進(jìn)行梳理有利于明晰哈耶克整個理論體系的構(gòu)思和論證的過程。 全文共分四個部分,第一部分筆者從哈耶克提出自生自發(fā)秩序理論的時代背景入手,簡要論述了哈耶克與凱恩斯有關(guān)計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)與市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的論戰(zhàn)；接著梳理該理論的淵源,先從歷史線索著手,以蘇格蘭啟蒙運(yùn)動之前的相關(guān)思想作為出發(fā)點(diǎn),明晰建構(gòu)理性與進(jìn)化理性的脈絡(luò),到曼德維爾的“私惡公德”、大衛(wèi)·休謨的“文化進(jìn)化論”、亞當(dāng)·斯密的“看不見的手”與“自然的自由制度”和弗格森的自發(fā)社會秩序——“人之行為而非人之設(shè)計的結(jié)果”理論,再從奧地利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)派的兩位代表人物門格爾和米塞斯的相關(guān)思想追溯,又以邏輯線索理清哈耶克知識論的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展脈絡(luò),從大衛(wèi)·休謨“知識的區(qū)分”與“有限理性”到康德的“現(xiàn)象與本體的區(qū)分”與“不可知論”,再到馬赫的“認(rèn)知心理學(xué)”以及基督教對其的影響。 第二部分筆者將進(jìn)一步闡明哈耶克的論證過程,即從真?zhèn)�人主義、理性有限性的前提,到自生自發(fā)秩序理論的歸宿,通過其自由、規(guī)則、競爭的構(gòu)成要素,與市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的關(guān)系,與法律的關(guān)系等幾個方面一一解析。 第三部分是選取了兩個角度,從知識論的困境——休謨與康德之沖突與矯枉過正的傾向?qū)ψ陨园l(fā)秩序理論進(jìn)行簡要的評價。 第四部分是在中國的語境下嘗試提出幾個疑問,即不可避免的建構(gòu)、中西傳統(tǒng)的巨大差異、傳統(tǒng)何以演化出自由的法律與一種隱含價值取向的論證,最后再論述這一理論對中國的幾點(diǎn)啟示,即“保守自由主義”的態(tài)度、注重本土資源和基于“理性的有限性”出發(fā)推導(dǎo)出“自由”的重要性。
[Abstract]:As the core concept of Hayek's social thought, spontaneous order is the central problem in understanding and grasping the relationship between his personal freedom and social order. Combing this theory is helpful to clarify the conception and argumentation of Hayek's whole theoretical system. The thesis is divided into four parts. In the first part, starting from the background of Hayek's theory of spontaneous order, the author briefly discusses the controversy between Hayek and Keynes about planned economy and market economy, and then combs the origin of the theory. Starting with the historical clues and taking the relevant thoughts before the Enlightenment in Scotland as the starting point, the author clarifies the context of constructing rationality and evolutionary rationality to Mandeville's "private evil public morality" and David Hume's "Cultural Evolutionism". Adam Smith's "invisible hand" and "the system of natural freedom" and Ferguson's spontaneous social order-"the action of man, not the result of man's design", From the two representative figures of Austrian economic school, Menger and Mises, we can trace back to the related thoughts, and clarify the origin and development of Hayek's theory of knowledge by logical clues. From David Hume's distinction of knowledge and bounded rationality to Kant's distinction between phenomenon and ontology and agnosticism, to Mach's Cognitive Psychology and the influence of Christianity on it. In the second part, the author will further expound Hayek's argumentation process, that is, from the premise of true individualism, the limitation of reason to the end-result of spontaneous order theory, the relationship between the theory of spontaneous order and the market economy through its freedom, rules, the constituent elements of competition, and the market economy. The relation with the law and so on several aspects one by one analysis. The third part selects two angles to evaluate the theory of spontaneous order from the dilemma of the theory of knowledge-the conflict between Hume and Kant and the tendency of overcorrection. The fourth part tries to raise some questions in the context of China, that is, the inevitable construction, the great difference between Chinese and Western traditions, how the tradition evolves the free law and an argument of implicit value orientation. Finally, the author discusses the enlightenment of this theory to China, that is, the attitude of "conservative liberalism", the importance of "freedom" based on local resources and the limitation of reason.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90

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本文編號：1807130