本文選題：法律移植困境 + 移植主體��； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：近三十多年來(lái),中華人民共和國(guó)頒布了大量的法律條文,其中有一大部分內(nèi)容借鑒或援引了其他國(guó)家、地區(qū)和國(guó)際組織的法規(guī)。當(dāng)前的法學(xué)理論界公認(rèn)這一現(xiàn)象和過(guò)程為法律移植。 事實(shí)上,法律移植極大地豐富了我國(guó)現(xiàn)今成文法體系。但是我國(guó)法律移植也存在大量的問題。其中,某些問題直接導(dǎo)致我國(guó)法律移植進(jìn)入困境狀態(tài):立法者和某些社會(huì)階層在大規(guī)模立法過(guò)程中,某項(xiàng)法律移植行為可能產(chǎn)生兩個(gè)完全相悖的結(jié)果,法律移植因而變得進(jìn)退兩難。 通常,國(guó)內(nèi)外許多關(guān)于法律移植問題研究的理論依據(jù)主要來(lái)源于西方比較法學(xué)家的理性主義或社會(huì)學(xué)家們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義,這兩種理論框架都過(guò)分關(guān)注什么是法律的問題,并不能完整解釋法律移植的困境。針對(duì)我國(guó)法律移植中這個(gè)特殊問題,本文則嘗試以構(gòu)成法律移植三個(gè)基本因素及其它們內(nèi)在的關(guān)系為邏輯起點(diǎn),探究法律移植困境的含義、表現(xiàn)、產(chǎn)生的原因及其出路,最終構(gòu)建解釋法律移植困境的邏輯體系和理論框架。 本文第一章嘗試敘述國(guó)內(nèi)外法律移植理論發(fā)展,一方面為分析當(dāng)前中國(guó)法律移植困境提供理論背景,另一方面嘗試揭示當(dāng)前法律移植理論中理性主義、經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義、和實(shí)用主義的一些缺陷,尋求解釋法律移植問題更為合理的理論框架。 本文第二部分提出了這樣一些看法:一,法律移植過(guò)程中存在的問題實(shí)質(zhì)是移植的主體、客體、實(shí)踐過(guò)程這三個(gè)基本因素間相互對(duì)立的關(guān)系;二,法律移植困境則是法律移植過(guò)程中一個(gè)特殊問題,即同一種法律移植行為產(chǎn)生兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上相悖的結(jié)果;三,法律移植的表現(xiàn)是法律移植困境內(nèi)在對(duì)抗關(guān)系的外化;四,法律移植困境內(nèi)在對(duì)抗關(guān)系依托社會(huì)實(shí)踐在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、和社會(huì)文化領(lǐng)域具體表現(xiàn)。 第三部章文章論述了我國(guó)當(dāng)前法律移植原因以及出路。本文認(rèn)為法律移植內(nèi)部三個(gè)基本因素中主體意識(shí)決定法律移植的客體作用和移植過(guò)程和方式。由于主體意識(shí)受實(shí)踐理性或工具理性的影響,主體產(chǎn)生劇烈的分化,主體需求也因此變得不一致、對(duì)立、對(duì)抗、甚至相悖。最終,法律移植內(nèi)部關(guān)系也因?yàn)橹黧w的分化而相互對(duì)抗。這就是法律移植形成的根本原因。因此,本文提出法律移植困境的出路在于促進(jìn)移植主體間的交往和商談,消除移植主體間需求的差異性,統(tǒng)一法律移植內(nèi)部三元素間的對(duì)抗關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years, the people's Republic of China has promulgated a large number of legal provisions, among which a large part of the content of reference or reference to the laws of other countries, regions and international organizations. The current legal theory circle recognizes this phenomenon and the process as the law transplant. In fact, the transplantation of laws has greatly enriched our country's current statutory system. However, there are also a large number of problems in legal transplantation in China. Among them, some problems directly lead to the difficult situation of law transplantation in our country: legislators and some social strata in the process of large-scale legislation, a certain act of law transplantation may produce two completely contradictory results. The transplantation of laws has thus become a dilemma. Usually, the theoretical basis of many domestic and foreign researches on legal transplantation mainly comes from the rationalism of western comparative jurists or the empiricism of sociologists. These two theoretical frameworks pay too much attention to the question of what is law. It does not fully explain the dilemma of legal transplantation. In view of this special problem in the legal transplantation of our country, this paper attempts to take the three basic factors of legal transplantation and other internal relations as the logical starting point to explore the meaning, expression, causes and outlet of the predicament of legal transplantation. Finally, it constructs the logical system and theoretical framework to explain the dilemma of legal transplantation. The first chapter tries to describe the development of the domestic and foreign legal transplantation theory, on the one hand, it provides the theoretical background for the analysis of the dilemma of the legal transplantation in China, on the other hand, it tries to reveal the rationalism and empiricism in the current legal transplant theory. And some shortcomings of pragmatism, seeking a more reasonable theoretical framework to explain the problem of legal transplantation. The second part of this paper puts forward some views: first, the problem in the process of legal transplantation is the relationship between the three basic factors: the subject, the object and the process of practice. The dilemma of legal transplantation is a special problem in the process of legal transplantation, that is, the same act of legal transplantation produces two or more contradictory results; third, the manifestation of legal transplantation is the externalization of the inherent antagonistic relationship of the dilemma of legal transplantation; fourth, The dilemma of legal transplantation is based on social practice in the fields of economy, politics and social culture. The third chapter discusses the reason and outlet of the current legal transplantation in China. This paper holds that the subjective consciousness determines the object function, the process and the mode of legal transplantation. Because the subjective consciousness is influenced by the practical reason or the instrumental reason, the subject produces violent differentiation, and the subject demand becomes inconsistent, antagonistic, antagonistic and even contradictory. Finally, the internal relationship of legal transplantation also confronts each other because of the division of the subject. This is the fundamental reason for the formation of law transplantation. Therefore, the way out of the dilemma of legal transplantation lies in promoting the communication and negotiation among the transplant subjects, eliminating the differences in the needs of the transplant subjects, and unifying the antagonistic relations among the three elements in the legal transplantation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

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