本文選題：政府規(guī)制改革　切入點(diǎn)：市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)韓國(guó)而言,由20世紀(jì)60年代至80年代初,通過(guò)實(shí)行政府直接接入市場(chǎng)的政府主導(dǎo)型成長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)略,實(shí)現(xiàn)了超高速經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),而其為政府規(guī)制的正當(dāng)性提供了依據(jù)。然而,20世紀(jì)80年代以后,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會(huì)的規(guī)模逐漸變大而產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)被提升,為了提高韓國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的國(guó)家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,韓國(guó)需要根本性規(guī)制改革。故而,韓國(guó)政府不僅制定了有關(guān)規(guī)制改革的法令,而且設(shè)置了專職機(jī)構(gòu)。如此,雖然韓國(guó)政府持續(xù)推進(jìn)強(qiáng)有力的規(guī)制改革,但是對(duì)此的評(píng)價(jià)有明確的分歧。另外,中國(guó)在1978年實(shí)行改革開放之前,通過(guò)實(shí)行強(qiáng)有力的中央集權(quán)型社會(huì)主義計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)發(fā)揮了政府替代市場(chǎng)的作用。然而,中國(guó)政府不僅在1978年推進(jìn)了改革開放政策,而且在1993年轉(zhuǎn)換了其經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,即進(jìn)入了社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,還在2001年加入了世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)。中國(guó)政府經(jīng)過(guò)這些過(guò)程持續(xù)推進(jìn)了規(guī)制改革,而至今為止,在航空業(yè)、鐵道業(yè)、通信業(yè)等各種各樣的領(lǐng)域內(nèi)取得了成果。然而,不僅中國(guó)的規(guī)制法律體系還不健全,而且中國(guó)尚未設(shè)置具有統(tǒng)一性與獨(dú)立性的規(guī)制機(jī)構(gòu)。因此,本研究不僅通過(guò)察看關(guān)于政府規(guī)制的理論背景,而且通過(guò)深層次地考察韓國(guó)與中國(guó)的規(guī)制改革來(lái)謀求兩國(guó)規(guī)制改革的改善方向,此則是本研究的目的所在。對(duì)本研究而言,在引言中,對(duì)于研究的目的、內(nèi)容及方法進(jìn)行了討論;在第一部分中,概括性地陳述了政府規(guī)制的理論性考察、政府規(guī)制與規(guī)制改革的概念、規(guī)制改革的必要性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性規(guī)制和社會(huì)性規(guī)制以及兩者之間的差異等內(nèi)容;在第二部分中,按照不同時(shí)期的執(zhí)政政府,分析了韓國(guó)規(guī)制改革的推進(jìn)業(yè)績(jī)及成果等推進(jìn)內(nèi)容;在第三部分中,對(duì)中國(guó)的規(guī)制改革而言,分析了規(guī)制改革的背景及現(xiàn)狀、不同時(shí)期的規(guī)制改革的內(nèi)容與對(duì)此的評(píng)價(jià)、規(guī)制改革的事例;在第四部分中,不僅得出了要義,而且建議了其改善方向。據(jù)此,中韓兩國(guó)規(guī)制改革的改善方向如下:第一,由現(xiàn)在的事前規(guī)制方式中擺脫出來(lái)而轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷⒄深A(yù)最小化的事后規(guī)制方式的規(guī)制改革的典范轉(zhuǎn)移。第二,在多種利害關(guān)系人之間有可能出現(xiàn)對(duì)立情形之時(shí),以示范項(xiàng)目來(lái)做出成功的事例,并逐漸擴(kuò)大施行范圍的利害關(guān)系人的參與和調(diào)解糾紛過(guò)程。第三,如在規(guī)制立案初期的規(guī)制影響分析的進(jìn)行和規(guī)定失效制度的引進(jìn)等規(guī)制改革體系的強(qiáng)化。第四,以地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與地方規(guī)制改革的政策目標(biāo)的相互結(jié)合為目的,將地方規(guī)制改革的推進(jìn)主體確定為該自治團(tuán)體或者地方政府。第五,設(shè)立獨(dú)立的規(guī)制改革機(jī)構(gòu),并以此為中心,在政府各個(gè)部門之間、中央政府與地方政府之間、政府與立法部門之間建立廣泛的規(guī)制改革協(xié)作體系。
[Abstract]:For Korea, from the 1960s to the early 1980s, through the implementation of the government-led growth strategy of government direct access to the market, the super-high-speed economic growth has been realized, which provides the basis for the legitimacy of government regulation.However, since the 1980s, with the economic and social scale gradually increasing and the industrial structure has been promoted, in order to improve the national competitiveness of the Korean economy, South Korea needs fundamental regulatory reform.Therefore, the South Korean government not only made the regulation reform law, but also set up a professional agency.So, although the South Korean government continues to push forward strong regulatory reform, but there are clear differences in the evaluation of this.In addition, before the reform and opening up in 1978, China adopted a powerful centralized socialist planned economy to play a role as a substitute for the market.However, the Chinese government not only pushed forward the policy of reform and opening up in 1978, but also changed its economic system in 1993, that is, entered the socialist market economy system, and joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001.The Chinese government has continued to push forward regulatory reforms through these processes, and so far has achieved results in a variety of fields, such as aviation, railways, telecommunications and so on.However, not only the legal system of regulation in China is not perfect, but also the regulatory body with unity and independence has not been set up in China.Therefore, the purpose of this study is not only to examine the theoretical background of government regulation, but also to explore the direction of improvement of regulation reform in South Korea and China.For this study, in the introduction, the purpose, content and methods of the study are discussed. In the first part, the theoretical investigation of government regulation, the concept of government regulation and regulation reform are summarized.The necessity of regulation reform, economic regulation and social regulation, as well as the differences between the two, etc. In the second part, according to the governing government of different periods, the paper analyzes the achievements and achievements of the regulation reform in Korea.In the third part, for the regulation reform of China, it analyzes the background and present situation of the regulation reform, the content and evaluation of the regulation reform in different periods, and the examples of the regulation reform.The direction of improvement is also suggested.Accordingly, the direction of improvement of regulation reform in China and South Korea is as follows: first, from the present pre-regulation mode to the paradigm transfer of regulation reform which minimizes the government intervention after the regulation.Second, where there is a possibility of antagonism among multiple stakeholders, successful cases are made by demonstration projects, and the participation of stakeholders and the process of dispute mediation are gradually expanded.Thirdly, the system of regulation reform is strengthened, such as the analysis of regulation effect at the initial stage of regulation filing and the introduction of regulation invalidation system.Fourthly, aiming at the combination of regional economic development and the policy goal of local regulation reform, the main body of local regulation reform is defined as the autonomous group or the local government.Fifth, set up independent regulatory reform institutions, and take this as the center, and establish a broad regulatory reform cooperation system between the government departments, the central government and local governments, and between the government and legislative departments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.2;D931.26;DD912.2

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本文編號(hào)：1724088