【摘要】：青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動是設(shè)置在中小學(xué)學(xué)科課程以外以科技為主要內(nèi)容的探索性實踐活動,是提高我國青少年科學(xué)素質(zhì)的重要途徑,也是促進(jìn)社會進(jìn)步與提高國家競爭力的重要部分。但實際上,現(xiàn)階段對青少年科技教育與科技創(chuàng)新活動方面的研究雖多,但從學(xué)校的角度對科技創(chuàng)新活動進(jìn)行思考和分析的研究非常少。且由于各種原因,不少學(xué)校和相關(guān)教育工作者并不重視青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動,各中學(xué)間開展青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動的情況也呈現(xiàn)出明顯的差別。因此,研究造成這些差別的原因是十分有必要的,以期指導(dǎo)今后的政策導(dǎo)向和中學(xué)科技創(chuàng)新活動的開展。本研究以廣州市各中學(xué)為例,首先用文獻(xiàn)分析法完成對研究背景、現(xiàn)狀、目的、意義、及相關(guān)理論的研究;然后以文獻(xiàn)分析法、問卷調(diào)查法、對照實驗法、訪談法對廣州市各個中學(xué)科技創(chuàng)新活動開展的情況做較全面的調(diào)查與分析;再通過文獻(xiàn)分析法、行動參與法、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計法探索各級各類學(xué)校在進(jìn)行活動的過程中遇到的困難和存在的問題,從而提出相應(yīng)的對策和可行性建議。對搜集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析后,得到以下主要結(jié)論:1、廣州市各個中學(xué)在科技創(chuàng)新活動的開展水平上存在顯著差別,據(jù)此按高中組和初中組把它們分為科技創(chuàng)新活動水平不同的幾個等級。2、不同的維度因素在各等級學(xué)校開展科技創(chuàng)新活動的情況中存在不同的差異性,特別是“學(xué)校對青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動的重視程度”、“教師個人的專業(yè)技術(shù)(能力)與學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新素質(zhì)”等關(guān)鍵因素方面,學(xué)校與相關(guān)教育工作者需加強(qiáng)關(guān)注及時改善。3、部分中學(xué)開展科技創(chuàng)新活動的現(xiàn)狀不甚理想,主要原因是學(xué)校對科技創(chuàng)新活動不夠重視、了解程度不均衡,對相關(guān)政策認(rèn)識不清;教師缺乏活動的指導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗與專門培訓(xùn);學(xué)生的參與熱情和基本素質(zhì)有待提高等等。4、在興趣的驅(qū)使下,學(xué)生進(jìn)行科技創(chuàng)新活動并不會對他們的平時學(xué)習(xí)成績造成很大的影響,反而對增強(qiáng)其各方面的能力有一定作用,甚至為其未來職業(yè)規(guī)劃和發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)。5、在中學(xué)開展青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動體現(xiàn)了多種教育學(xué)理論思想,有利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察能力、思維能力和創(chuàng)新能力,提高注意力和耐心�；诖�,建議廣州市相關(guān)部門積極組織科技輔導(dǎo)員技能培訓(xùn),建立健全青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動的評價體系。學(xué)校、教師和學(xué)生要正確認(rèn)識和重視科技創(chuàng)新活動�；顒娱_展較薄弱的學(xué)校可結(jié)合實際情況,整合校內(nèi)外資源,完善活動所需的設(shè)施設(shè)備,建立固定輔導(dǎo)模式,開展具有本校特色的科技創(chuàng)新活動。與大多數(shù)研究不同,本文以中學(xué)為切入點,深入探討青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動開展情況的差異與成因。雖然許多觀點和分析還處于初步探索階段,希望能夠引起更多的科技教育工作者對青少年科技創(chuàng)新活動的思考和探究。
[Abstract]:Youth scientific and technological innovation activity is an exploratory practical activity with science and technology as the main content outside the subject curriculum of primary and secondary schools. It is an important way to improve the scientific quality of young people in our country, and it is also an important part of promoting social progress and improving national competitiveness. However, in fact, although there are many studies on science and technology education and scientific and technological innovation activities for young people at this stage, there are few studies on science and technology innovation activities from the school point of view. Due to various reasons, many schools and related educators do not attach importance to young people's scientific and technological innovation activities, and the situation of young people's scientific and technological innovation activities among middle schools is also obviously different. Therefore, it is necessary to study the reasons for these differences in order to guide the policy orientation and the development of middle school science and technology innovation activities in the future. Taking the middle schools in Guangzhou as an example, this study first uses the literature analysis method to complete the research background, present situation, purpose, significance, and related theories, and then makes a more comprehensive investigation and analysis of the scientific and technological innovation activities of each middle school in Guangzhou by using the literature analysis method, questionnaire survey method, comparative experiment method and interview method. Through the methods of literature analysis, action participation and data statistics, this paper explores the difficulties and existing problems encountered by all kinds of schools at all levels in the process of carrying out their activities, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and feasible suggestions. After analyzing the collected data, the main conclusions are as follows: 1. There are significant differences in the development level of scientific and technological innovation activities in each middle school in Guangzhou, according to which they are divided into several grades with different levels of scientific and technological innovation activities according to the high school group and the junior middle school group. 2, different dimension factors have different differences in the situation of carrying out scientific and technological innovation activities in different levels of schools. In particular, schools and relevant educators need to pay more attention to the timely improvement in the key factors such as "the degree of attention paid by schools to young people's scientific and technological innovation activities", "Teachers' personal professional technology (ability) and students' scientific and technological innovation quality". 3, the present situation of scientific and technological innovation activities in some middle schools is not ideal, the main reason is that schools do not pay enough attention to scientific and technological innovation activities, and the degree of understanding is not balanced. Unclear understanding of relevant policies; Teachers lack of guidance experience and special training in activities; Students' enthusiasm for participation and basic quality need to be improved, etc. 4, driven by interest, students' scientific and technological innovation activities will not have a great impact on their usual academic performance, but will play a certain role in strengthening their abilities in all aspects, and even lay the foundation for their future career planning and development. 5, the development of young people's scientific and technological innovation activities in middle schools reflects a variety of pedagogical theoretical ideas. It is beneficial to cultivate students' observation ability, thinking ability and innovation ability, and improve attention and patience. Based on this, it is suggested that the relevant departments in Guangzhou should actively organize the skills training of science and technology counselors and establish and improve the evaluation system of young people's scientific and technological innovation activities. Schools, teachers and students should correctly understand and attach importance to scientific and technological innovation activities. According to the actual situation, the schools with weak activities can integrate the resources inside and outside the school, improve the facilities and equipment needed for the activities, establish a fixed guidance model, and carry out the scientific and technological innovation activities with the characteristics of the school. Different from most studies, this paper takes middle school as the starting point to explore the differences and causes of young people's scientific and technological innovation activities. Although many viewpoints and analyses are still in the preliminary stage of exploration, it is hoped that more scientific and technological educators will think and explore the scientific and technological innovation activities of young people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.98

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