【摘要】：基本運動技能(Fundamental Movement Skills,即FMS),是指涉及頭、手、軀干、腿等不同身體部位進行諸如走、跑、跳、投擲、擊打、平衡等動作技能。這些技能是運動的基本技能也是各種專項運動技能的基礎(chǔ)。FMS功能動作篩查是針對人在從事各種運動技能和掌握并形成基礎(chǔ)動作的過程中,可能存在的代償運動或損傷風險等問題進行篩查的一種科學方法。通過7個功能動作模式的篩查和3個排除性測試,可以快速準確地對身體的基本動作逐一排查,得出科學直觀的理論數(shù)據(jù),為糾正錯誤動作訓練計劃和運動處方提供有效依據(jù)。需要根據(jù)不同人群制定出有針對性的、分層次的測試方法,從而擴展其功能和價值,為人體運動損傷的恢復與再生提供幫助。本文采用文獻資料法、實驗法、測試法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法這4種研究方法,嘗試對受試對象進行的為期2個月測試所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計,通過一系列的文獻為理論基礎(chǔ),加以科學訓練的原則所制定的訓練計劃,能使受試的運動員在測試時間內(nèi)有運動成績以及身體素質(zhì)指標上的提升,從而達到可以初步建立一個青少年運動員訓練與賽前突擊的練習模板,從而達到所要達到的目的。結(jié)果顯示,針對性的訓練,無論是在負荷和強度上,都有較顯著的效果,較局部針對性訓練所要達到的效果更好,對受試對象的身體功能與測試成績都有著促進作用,多樣的訓練手段和科學的訓練方法,可以很有效地調(diào)動青少年運動員的訓練積極性,從而達到一個很好的訓練效果,為今后在青少年運動員領(lǐng)域的科學研究提供一個初步的依據(jù)和基點,為新的訓練手段的開發(fā)提供一個方向,在不久的將來可以作為青少年運動員大眾化訓練的參考,為我國的青少年運動員提供更多的保障,使其無論在考學還是競賽方面都能發(fā)揮在當下時期最完整的身體極限能力,為創(chuàng)造好的成績贏取更多的空間與作用感。
[Abstract]:Basic motor skill (Fundamental Movement Skills, (FMS),) refers to the movement skills such as walking, running, jumping, throwing, hitting, balancing and so on, involving head, hand, trunk, leg and other parts of the body. These skills are the basic skills of movement as well as the basis of various specific motor skills. FMS functional movement screening is aimed at people engaged in various motor skills and master and form the basic movement process. A scientific method for screening possible compensatory exercise or injury risks. Through the screening of seven functional action modes and three exclusionary tests, the basic movements of the body can be examined one by one quickly and accurately, and the scientific and intuitive theoretical data can be obtained, which provides an effective basis for correcting the wrong movement training plan and exercise prescription. In order to expand its function and value, it is necessary to develop targeted and hierarchical testing methods according to different population groups, and to provide help for the recovery and regeneration of human motion injury. In this paper, four research methods, document method, experiment method, test method and mathematical statistics method, are used to analyze the data obtained from the 2-month test, which is based on a series of literatures. The training plan developed by the principle of scientific training enables the athletes to improve their performance and physical fitness during the test period. Thus, we can establish a training template for young athletes and pre-competition assault preliminarily, so as to achieve the goal to be achieved. The results show that the pertinence training, whether in load or intensity, has a better effect than that of local training, and it can promote the body function and test results of the subjects. Various training methods and scientific training methods can effectively mobilize the training enthusiasm of young athletes, thus achieving a very good training effect. To provide a preliminary basis and basis for scientific research in the field of juvenile athletes in the future, to provide a direction for the development of new training means, and to serve as a reference for popular training of young athletes in the near future. To provide more protection for the young athletes in our country, so that they can play the most complete physical limit ability in the present period, and win more space and sense of action in order to create good results.
【學位授予單位】：北京體育大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.96
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本文編號：2272158