【摘要】：在當(dāng)今生活中,人們幾乎每天都和數(shù)據(jù)打交道,這就需要我們掌握一定的收集、整理、分析數(shù)據(jù)能力,需要具備一定的統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)。統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)是數(shù)學(xué)素養(yǎng)的重要組成部分,當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外基礎(chǔ)教育都非常重視它的訓(xùn)練與發(fā)展。目前,關(guān)于統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)的內(nèi)涵和構(gòu)成要素,盡管許多學(xué)者都有比較深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)和見(jiàn)解,但對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)的教學(xué)研究?jī)H停留在理論階段,而對(duì)實(shí)證性教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)研究甚少。因此,從教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)驗(yàn)角度研究初中統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)的教學(xué)十分必要,既可以更清楚地了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)統(tǒng)計(jì)知識(shí)的特點(diǎn)和問(wèn)題,又可促進(jìn)課堂教學(xué)改革。本文結(jié)合當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者提出的關(guān)于中學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)教學(xué)的研究理論和教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),以重慶市某中學(xué)的初二年級(jí)為研究對(duì)象,組織開(kāi)展新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下統(tǒng)計(jì)教學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)性研究。采取的研究方法主要是文獻(xiàn)法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法。具體研究過(guò)程是:把所選的6個(gè)班合計(jì)240名學(xué)生分成“實(shí)驗(yàn)組”和“對(duì)照組”進(jìn)行教學(xué),實(shí)驗(yàn)組嚴(yán)格按照新課標(biāo)的理念設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)并組織教學(xué)活動(dòng),授課時(shí)注重學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)思維訓(xùn)練;對(duì)照組不加干涉的按照原班級(jí)教師的思路進(jìn)行授課。同時(shí),利用SPSS統(tǒng)計(jì)分析軟件,對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)收集到的多組數(shù)據(jù),分別從知識(shí)技能,數(shù)學(xué)思考,問(wèn)題解決,情感態(tài)度等方面對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行教學(xué)效果測(cè)評(píng)研究。通過(guò)測(cè)試,實(shí)驗(yàn)的6個(gè)班級(jí)學(xué)生統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)呈現(xiàn)3個(gè)特征:第一,實(shí)驗(yàn)組在統(tǒng)計(jì)情感態(tài)度方面比較積極,而對(duì)照組如預(yù)期一樣,在情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀上比較欠缺,對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)敏感度低;第二,對(duì)于統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)的學(xué)習(xí),女生表現(xiàn)得比男生要好,女生的學(xué)習(xí)更穩(wěn)定;第三,統(tǒng)計(jì)素養(yǎng)和學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)保持一致,成績(jī)好的同學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)部分基本較好。最后,給出了相關(guān)的教學(xué)改革建議。
[Abstract]:In today's life, people deal with data almost every day, which requires us to master the ability of collecting, sorting and analyzing data, and we need to have certain statistical literacy. Statistical literacy is an important part of mathematical literacy. At present, basic education at home and abroad attaches great importance to its training and development. At present, although many scholars have more profound understanding and opinions on the connotation and constituent elements of statistical literacy, the teaching research on statistical literacy is only in the theoretical stage, but the research on empirical teaching design is very little. Therefore, it is necessary to study the teaching of statistical literacy in junior high school from the angle of teaching design and experiment, which can not only clearly understand the characteristics and problems of students' learning statistical knowledge, but also promote the reform of classroom teaching. Based on the research theory and teaching experience of statistics teaching in middle schools put forward by scholars at home and abroad, this paper takes the second grade of a middle school in Chongqing as the research object, and organizes the experimental research on statistics teaching under the new curriculum standard. The research methods adopted are mainly literature method, experimental method and statistical analysis method. The specific research process is as follows: 240 students in 6 classes were divided into "experimental group" and "control group" for teaching. The experimental group designed teaching and organized teaching activities strictly according to the concept of the new curriculum standard. In the course of teaching, students' mathematical thinking training was emphasized, while the control group did not interfere in teaching according to the original class teachers' ideas. At the same time, using SPSS statistical analysis software, the teaching effect of the students was evaluated from the aspects of knowledge and skills, mathematical thinking, problem solving, emotional attitude and so on. Through the test, the six class students' statistical literacy showed three characteristics: first, the experimental group was more positive in statistical emotional attitude, while the control group, as expected, was lack of emotional attitude and values. Low sensitivity to data; second, for the study of statistical literacy, girls are better than boys, girls study more stable; third, statistical literacy and students' math results are consistent, the students with good results in the statistical part is basically better. Finally, the author gives some suggestions on teaching reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G633.6

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