中小學課堂中的道德細節(jié)研究
[Abstract]:The moral details in the primary and secondary school classroom refer to the minor events and matters that exist in the primary and middle school classroom, involving the rules, manners, and morals, which are interacted by the main elements of the classroom, the knowledge elements, the process elements and the situational elements. It has the characteristics of universality of existence, randomness of occurrence, recessive value and persistence of influence. The existence of moral details in primary and secondary schools has its possibility and necessity, because first, moral details can reflect teachers' moral expectations and produce psychological effects on students; secondly, moral details can meet the needs of students' moral imitation. In the end, moral details constitute classroom life, cultivate complete people, and inject soft rather than compulsory moral factors into the classroom. As a factor of moral life in primary and secondary schools, moral details have the dimension of group ethics, bring into play the value of group ethics in the common life of "us", and cultivate students' sense of collectivism, discipline and justice and democracy. Secondly, it has the dimension of communication ethics, exerting the value of communication ethics in the educational relationship of "me and you", so that students can learn to respect, equality and care in the details of communication; finally, they have the dimension of individual ethics. In the personal game and growth of "I", the individual ethical value is brought into play. The students promote the spirit of individual moral self-discipline, enhance the consciousness of life and cultivate independent personality through details. However, the moral value of moral details in primary and secondary schools has not been brought into full play, and the moral deficiency of all kinds of details is worrying. First, the classroom becomes a "false collective", and the group ethical value is lost, which is manifested by the group selfishness of details. Second, the classroom deviates from the ideal educational relationship, the communication ethical value loses, the detail serves the teacher, presents indifference, focuses on the knowledge; third, the classroom ignores the student's individual existence, the individual ethical value loses, Details are standardized, formalized and utilitarian. Reflection, primary and secondary school teachers should guide students through the "we" joint efforts to build organic unity of the class, the use of class rules and regulations, the use of rewards and punishment, Details such as supervision and the establishment of autonomous mechanisms regain the ethical value of the group; establish a harmonious classroom relationship in every detail "I and you" meet, through mutual respect, The details of equality and care for each other give play to the ethical value of communication, and finally let me become an independent "moral person" in the real classroom life, so that the individual ethics of detail can be returned.
【學位授予單位】:河南師范大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:G631
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