本文選題：化學史 + 化學教學　； 參考：《陜西師范大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：英國的一位歷史學家卡爾在他的一本書中曾對歷史做過如下的解釋,歷史是我們現在所處的社會與過去的人們所在的社會之間的對話。要正確理解曾經,我們需要借助現在；同樣的,我們要正確理解現在,亦需要借助過去。在化學教學中,教師亦可借助化學史幫學生理解化學知識。我國已經有很多學者進行過化學史的相關研究,研究表明：記錄人類在探索自然、追求真理的道路上奮斗歷程的化學史,對于幫助學生培養(yǎng)科學思想、形成科學思路、鍛煉科學精神有極大的好處,是十分珍貴的教學素材。在本論文中,筆者想通過自己的力量,為化學史的教學提供一些理論、更多的是實踐支持,筆者從幫助學生深入正確地理解化學知識的角度分別對三個版本的高中化學必修二教材中的化學史內容進行了統(tǒng)計分析,分析發(fā)現,高中化學教材中化學史涉及內容豐富,但大多數都介紹較為簡略,教師要利用化學史教學,利用化學史幫助學生深入理解化學知識,需要自身對化學史有準確的把握,這就需要教師大量閱讀并分析化學史,從豐富的化學史中提取出與自己本節(jié)課的教育目標一致的化學史內容。但是一線的教師課業(yè)相對繁重,沒有足夠的時間和精力搜集整理化學史素材。所以本研究的主要目的就是選擇化學教師在教學工作中可能需要的化學史素材并整理出來,并以章節(jié)的形式進行編輯,方便教師查找選擇。本論文的研究主要分為三部分：一、對高中化學三個版本必修二教材的化學史內容進行了統(tǒng)計并從幫助學生理解化學知識的角度對其進行了分析。二、以建構主義理論、結構主義理論以及有意義學習理論為依據,在了解高中生的認知規(guī)律的基礎上,在全面了解新課標理念下化學史的教育價值的基礎上,針對高中化學必修二建立一個關于化學史的素材庫,該素材庫以章節(jié)內容為依托,收集更加全面的化學史資料,重現或再現化學發(fā)展過程中的歷史片段及相關事物,展示化學家揭開化學現象背后的規(guī)律所進行的思維活動和所采用的科學方法。三、對于不同的化學課程的教學目標所對應的化學史素材的選擇提出了自己的一點建議。
[Abstract]:In one of his books, Karl Carr, an English historian, once explained history as a dialogue between the society in which we live and the society in which the people of the past live.In order to understand the past correctly, we need the help of the present; similarly, we need to understand the present correctly and through the past.In chemistry teaching, teachers can also help students understand chemistry knowledge with the help of chemistry history.There are many scholars in our country who have done some research on the history of chemistry. The research shows that recording the history of chemistry in the way of exploring nature and pursuing truth can help students cultivate scientific thought and form scientific thinking.Training the scientific spirit has great benefits and is a very precious teaching material.In this paper, the author wants to provide some theory for the teaching of chemical history through his own strength, more practical support,From the angle of helping students to understand chemical knowledge correctly, the author makes a statistical analysis of the contents of chemistry history in three versions of the two required textbooks of senior high school chemistry, and finds that there are abundant contents in chemistry history in senior high school chemistry textbooks.However, most of the introductions are relatively simple. Teachers need to make use of the history of chemistry to teach, to help students to understand chemical knowledge in depth, and to have an accurate grasp of the history of chemistry, which requires teachers to read and analyze the history of chemistry in a large amount.The contents of the history of chemistry are extracted from the rich history of chemistry, which are consistent with the educational objectives of this class.But the first-line teachers work relatively heavy, there is not enough time and energy to collect and collate the history of chemistry materials.Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to select the chemical history materials that the chemistry teachers may need in the teaching work and arrange them out, and edit them in the form of chapters, so as to facilitate the teachers to find and choose.The research of this thesis is divided into three parts: first, the contents of the chemistry history of the three versions of the required two textbooks in senior high school chemistry are statistically analyzed and analyzed from the angle of helping students understand the chemistry knowledge.Secondly, on the basis of constructivism theory, structuralism theory and meaningful learning theory, on the basis of understanding the cognitive law of high school students and the educational value of chemistry history under the new curriculum standard,In view of the senior high school chemistry compulsory 2, we set up a material bank about chemistry history, which is based on the content of chapter, collect more comprehensive chemical history data, reproduce or reproduce the historical fragments and related things in the process of chemistry development.Demonstrate the thinking activities and scientific methods used by chemists to uncover the laws behind chemical phenomena.Thirdly, some suggestions are put forward for the choice of the materials of chemistry history corresponding to the teaching objectives of different chemistry courses.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.8

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本文編號：1757385