本文選題：亞里士多德 + 認(rèn)知�。� 參考：《哲學(xué)研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：基于認(rèn)知哲學(xué)的新視閾,古典靈魂思想有著豐富的認(rèn)知意蘊(yùn),因?yàn)槠涑３Ｊ枪诺鋾r(shí)期用以解釋世界的原則、闡釋認(rèn)知主體即生命的原理。亞里士多德的靈魂學(xué)說(shuō)不僅深入地闡釋了靈魂之本質(zhì)特性及其層序結(jié)構(gòu),系統(tǒng)地闡明了各層序靈魂的諸機(jī)能,而且表明靈魂諸機(jī)能的展現(xiàn)過(guò)程恰是生命之認(rèn)知進(jìn)程。認(rèn)知的發(fā)生進(jìn)程,與靈魂的啟動(dòng)與層序緊密相關(guān),靈魂的內(nèi)在性結(jié)構(gòu)即認(rèn)知機(jī)制結(jié)構(gòu),靈魂之機(jī)能的展開恰是認(rèn)知推進(jìn),靈魂結(jié)構(gòu)與認(rèn)識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)也是同構(gòu)的。從具體感覺到抽象理性是感覺靈魂機(jī)能到理性靈魂機(jī)能的攀升過(guò)程,展現(xiàn)了認(rèn)知進(jìn)程的有序展開。認(rèn)知的發(fā)生與推進(jìn)中機(jī)能不斷展現(xiàn),恰是靈魂秉性從潛能到現(xiàn)實(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程。由此,亞里士多德將認(rèn)知與靈魂緊密結(jié)合,形成了內(nèi)涵豐富的"靈魂—認(rèn)知"理論。該理論是古典認(rèn)知理論的典范,不僅為亞里士多德的知識(shí)論奠定了形而上的基礎(chǔ),深刻地影響了亞里士多德整個(gè)哲思體系的建構(gòu),而且對(duì)后亞里士多德時(shí)代對(duì)認(rèn)知問(wèn)題的思考有著不可忽視的影響。深入挖掘這一古典智慧,對(duì)于透視近現(xiàn)代認(rèn)知理論,推進(jìn)當(dāng)前認(rèn)知科學(xué)和哲學(xué)研究,具有不可替代的價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Based on the new vision of cognitive philosophy, the classical soul thought has rich cognitive implication, because it is often the principle used to explain the world in the classical period, explaining the principle of the cognitive subject that is the principle of life. Aristotle's theory of soul not only explains in depth the essential characteristics and sequence structure of soul, but also expounds systematically the functions of every sequence of souls, and shows that the process of displaying the functions of soul is just the cognitive process of life. The process of cognition is closely related to the initiation and sequence of the soul. The intrinsic structure of the soul is the structure of cognitive mechanism, and the function of the soul is exactly the development of cognition, and the structure of the soul and the structure of cognition are also isomorphic. From concrete feeling to abstract reason is the ascending process from the function of feeling soul to the function of rational soul, which shows the orderly development of cognitive process. The continuous development of the function of cognition is the transformation process of the spirit's nature from potential to reality. Therefore, Aristotle combined cognition with soul and formed the theory of "soul-cognition". This theory is a model of classical cognitive theory, which not only lays a metaphysical foundation for Aristotle's theory of knowledge, but also profoundly influences the construction of Aristotle's whole philosophical system. Moreover, it has an important influence on the thinking of cognitive problems in the post-Aristotle era. Digging into this classical wisdom is of irreplaceable value for the perspective of modern cognitive theory and the promotion of current cognitive science and philosophical research.
【作者單位】： 對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)思政部;
【基金】：北京高校中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義理論研究協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心(對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué))資助
【分類號(hào)】：B502.233

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