【摘要】：現代戰(zhàn)爭由于其特殊性，對參戰(zhàn)雙方部分人員的精神和心理狀態(tài)有著一定的損害作用和后遺影響。應激刺激的形式很多，恐懼、疼痛、缺氧、高溫、寒冷、加速度、噪聲等都是應激源。在軍事醫(yī)學領域中，應激對部隊作戰(zhàn)人員的不利影響日益凸現，并逐漸引起軍事醫(yī)學工作者的高度重視。 由于軍事飛行特殊的工作環(huán)境，戰(zhàn)斗機飛行員不可避免地暴露于各種應激源，其中最常見的主要有正加速度(+Gz)、噪聲、振動和高溫等，，已成為威脅飛行安全的重要因素�，F代高性能戰(zhàn)斗機具有很高的機動性能，其在飛行中產生的正加速度可高達+gGz，持續(xù)時間可達15～45s，并可反復出現，已超出了人體正常的耐受限度。學習與記憶是動物和人類賴以生存所不可或缺的重要腦功能，可以反映神經系統(tǒng)的功能狀態(tài)。以往的研究工作已證實，高G值持續(xù)性正加速度暴露可引起動物腦損傷和學習記憶功能障礙，一定強度的噪聲可引起人和動物學習記憶能力降低。然而，有關正加速度和噪聲復合應激因素對腦的影響與防護措施尚未見研究報道。因此，闡明上述復合應激因素作用后飛行人員工作能力的變化規(guī)律，對進一步做好飛行衛(wèi)生保障工作具有重要的現實意義。本研究觀察 第四軍醫(yī)大學碩士學位論文 了正加速度和噪聲復合應激對大鼠學習記憶功能的影響，旨在揭示 正加速度和噪聲復合應激后大鼠學習記憶功能的變化規(guī)律，并進一 步探討低G鍛煉是否對正加速度和噪聲復合應激造成的學習記憶 功能障礙具有保護作用。 本研究選用我校動物實驗中心提供的雄性SD大鼠，在動物離 心機上進行招z暴露，同時利用白噪聲發(fā)生器產生噪聲。通過Y- 型迷宮實驗、避暗實驗、曠場分析實驗，分別在復合應激暴露后的 即刻、2d、4d和6d，觀察不同正加速度和噪聲復合應激條件下大 鼠學習和記憶功能的變化情況。 本研究的主要結果及發(fā)現如下: 1.高+Gz和噪聲復合應激可引起大鼠持續(xù)性學習記憶功能障 礙本實驗觀察了+10Gz/3min和godB(A)/3 omin噪聲復合應激對 大鼠學習記憶功能的影響。結果發(fā)現，復合應激組大鼠正確率在暴 露后各時間點較對照組和噪聲組均顯著降低(P0.01)，反應時均 顯著延長(P0.01);中央格停留時間在暴露后即刻較對照組和噪 聲組顯著延長(P0.01);總時間和錯誤數在暴露后即刻較對照組 顯著增加(P0.01)，潛伏期在暴露后即刻顯著縮短(P0.01)，在 暴露后6d時仍較對照組顯著縮短(P0.01)。而與+l OGz組相比， 復合應激組大鼠正確率在暴露后即刻顯著降低(P0.05)，反應時 顯著延長(P0.01)。結果提示，+10Gz/3min和90dB(A)/30min 噪聲復合應激可引起大鼠持續(xù)性學習記憶功能障礙，兩種因素具有 協(xié)同效應，其中+Gz為主要影響因素。 2.短時重復高+Gz暴露復合噪聲應激可引起大鼠持續(xù)性學習 記憶功能障礙本實驗觀察了重復5次+l 002/455暴露復合 90dB(A)/30min噪聲應激對大鼠學習記憶功能的影響。結果發(fā)現， 復合應激組大鼠正確率在暴露后各時間點較對照組均顯著降低(P 0.01)，反應時均顯著延長(P0.01):總時間和錯誤數在暴露后 即刻顯著增加(P0.01)。與+Gz重復暴露組相比，復合應激組大 鼠正確率在暴露后各時間點均顯著降低(P0.01)，反應時在暴露 第四軍醫(yī)大學碩士學位論文 后4d及6d顯著延長(P0.01);總時間和錯誤數在暴露后即刻顯 著增加(P0.01)。結果提示，重復5次+1 OGz/455暴露復合 90dB(A)/3 omin噪聲應激可引起大鼠持續(xù)性學習記憶功能障礙。 3.低G鍛煉對高玲z和噪聲復合應激所致大鼠學習記憶功能障 礙具有保護作用本實驗在復合應激暴露之前，預先進行連續(xù)3天 (l次/d)的+4G/3min的低G鍛煉，觀察再暴露于高玲z和噪聲復合 應激時大鼠學習記憶功能的變化。結果發(fā)現，復合應激組大鼠反應 時在暴露后各時間點較對照組均顯著延長(P0 .01)，正確率均顯 著下降(P0 .01);鍛煉組大鼠反應時僅在暴露后即刻較對照組顯著 延長(P0 .05)，而與復合應激組比較，鍛煉組大鼠反應時在暴露后 各時間點均顯著縮短(P0 .01)，正確率均顯著升高(P0 .01)。復合 應激組大鼠總時間和錯誤數較對照組顯著增加(P0 .01)，潛伏期顯 著縮短(P0 .01);鍛煉組大鼠總時間和錯誤數較復合應激組顯著減 少(P0.01)，潛伏期顯著延長(P0 .01)。結果提示，連續(xù)3天的 +4G/3min(l次/d)鍛煉對+10Gz/3min復合godB(A)/30min噪聲應 激所致的大鼠學習記憶功能障礙具有一定的保護作用。 總之，本研究利用動物離心機和白噪聲發(fā)生器，觀察了正加速 度和噪聲復合應激后大鼠學習記憶能力的變化情況及其與復合應 激強度的關系，主要闡明了以下問題:高+Gz和噪聲復合應激可 引起大鼠持續(xù)性學習記憶功能障礙，短時重復高+Gz暴露復合噪 聲應激亦可引起大鼠持續(xù)性學習記憶功能障礙，低G鍛煉對正加速 度和噪聲復合應激所致的大鼠學習記憶功能障礙具有一定的保護 作用。本研究為進一步做好飛行衛(wèi)生保障工作，制定安全有效的防 護措施提供了實驗依據和理論指導。
[Abstract]:Because of its particularity, the modern war has a certain damage to the mental and psychological state of the part of the war. Stress stimulation is in many forms, fear, pain, hypoxia, high temperature, cold, acceleration, noise, etc. are stress sources. In the field of military medical science, the adverse effects of stress on the troops of the army are becoming more and more prominent, and the great attention of the military medical workers is gradually brought to the attention of the military medical workers. As a result of the special working environment of military flights, fighter pilots are inevitably exposed to various stress sources, among which the most common is positive acceleration (+ Gz), noise, vibration and high temperature, and has become a threat. The important factor of line security. The modern high-performance fighter has a high mobility that can be as high as + gGz in flight, up to 15-45 s, and can be repeated, and it's out of the way. Normal tolerance limits. Learning and memory are an essential brain function that is essential to the survival of animals and humans, which can reflect the gods. The functional status of the system. Previous research has confirmed that high G-value persistent positive acceleration exposure can cause brain damage and learning and memory dysfunction in animals, and a certain intensity of noise can cause human and animal The decrease of learning and memory ability. However, the effects of positive and noise composite stress factors on the brain and the protection measures It has not been reported in the study. Therefore, the change law of the working ability of the flying personnel after the effect of the above-mentioned compound stress factors is set out, and the work tool for further carrying out the flight health protection It's important to present The real meaning. The study Master's degree in the Fourth Military Medical University The effect of positive acceleration and noise compound stress on learning and memory of rats functional The purpose of this study is to reveal the positive acceleration and the noise composite stress. The change of learning and memory function in rats Law, go hand in hand to explore whether the low-G exercise is right plus Learning and memory caused by complex stress of speed and noise The animal experiment center of our school is selected in this study. The male SD rats were supplied with a z-storm on the animal from the heart machine. Lulu, at the same time using a white noise generator Noise. Y- The experiment of the labyrinth experiment, the dark-avoiding experiment and the open-field analysis experiment, respectively, in the compound stress storm Immediately, 2d, 4d and 6d after exposure, the different positive acceleration and the noise composite should be observed. under the excitation condition The change of learning and memory function in rats. The main findings and findings of this study are as follows: 1. High + Gz and noise compound stress can cause persistent learning and memory impairment in rats This experiment was in the way of observation + 10Gz/3min鍜実odB(A) The effect of/3-in-noise compound stress on learning and memory function in rats. The results showed that the correct rate of the rats in the compound stress group was at the same time. The time points are better after exposure The group and the noise group were significantly reduced (P0.01), and the reaction time Significant extension (P0.01) ; the dwell time of the central cell was compared to the control group and the noise immediately after exposure The acoustic group was significantly prolonged (P0.01); the total time and number of errors were immediately after exposure A significant increase in the irradiation group (P0 .01) The incubation period was significantly shortened immediately after exposure (P0.01). Compared with the control group at 6 d after exposure, the control group was significantly shortened (P0.01). ). Compared with the + l OGz group, the rats in the compound stress group were The rate of certainty is exposed The reaction time was significantly lower (P0.05), and the reaction time was significant. Extension (P0.01). As a result, + 10 Gz/3 min and 90 dB (A) /30min The effect of noise compound stress on persistent learning in rats memristor dysfunction, the two factors have a synergistic effect, in which + Gz It is the main influencing factor. 2. Short-time repetition of high + Gz exposure complex The effect of combined noise stress on the persistence of rats study Remembering dysfunction This experiment observed a repeat of 5 + l 002/4 55 Exposure to composite 90 dB (A)/30 min noise stress large The effect of the learning and memory function of the rat. The result shows that the compound should The correct rate of the rats in the stimulated group was significantly lower than that of the control group after exposure (P 0.01), and the reaction time is obviously prolonged. (P0.01): Total time and error The number is after the exposure, that is, There was a significant increase (P0.01). The correct rate of rats in the compound stress group was higher than that of the + Gz repeated exposure group. After exposure, all time points were significantly reduced (P0.01), and at the time of the reaction, the time points were exposed. Master's degree in the Fourth Military Medical University The total time and number of errors immediately after exposure were significantly prolonged (P0.01). Increase (P0.01). The result prompt, repeat 5 times + 1 OGz /455 Exposure to composite 90dB (A)/3-in noise Stress can cause persistent learning and memory dysfunction in rats. 3. Low G exercise The effect of high-Ling z and noise compound stress on the learning and memory function of the rats Prior to the exposure, a continuous 3-day continuous ( 1/ d) + 4G/3 min of low G exercise, observed to be exposed to high The function of learning and memory of the rats at the time of the compound stress of Ling z and the noise The results showed that the response of the compound stress group to the rats at the time of the storm The time point after exposure was significantly prolonged in the control group (P0.01), and the correct rate was significant. to descend (P0.01); exercise in group rat, only at that time of the reaction, Immediately after exposure, the control group was significantly prolonged (P0.05). ), and In comparison with the compound stress group, the exercise group rats were exposed after exposure Significant shortening of all time points (P0
【學位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：R82

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