本文選題：缺氧 + 認知功能�。� 參考：《第四軍醫(yī)大學》2001年碩士論文

【摘要】： 急性缺氧影響腦認知功能，其主要表現(xiàn)是視、聽覺傳入通道反應 時（Reaction time，RT）延長，腦事件相關電位（Event related potential， ERP）P_(300)成分潛時延長等方面。在現(xiàn)代航空飛行中，隨著飛機性能 的提高，計算機已經在該領域得到了廣泛的應用，就如何提高飛行員 在以計算機為視頻顯示終端（Visual display terminal，VDT）的條件下 的視覺工效，其中亮度對比度是影響視覺工效問題的重要因素之一。 在急性缺氧條件下探討使腦認知工效最佳的亮度對比度對提高飛行中 飛行員的認知功能具有重要意義；聽覺通道是外界信息傳入的又一重 要通道，在現(xiàn)代航空中，由于大部分信息是依賴視覺通道傳入，必然 會引起視覺通道負荷太重，造成腦認知工效下降，因此信息傳入的聽 覺通路日益引起工效學家的重視，已有研究表明在視、聽雙通道傳人 模式中腦認知工效最高，故研究急性缺氧條件下最佳聲強值亦具有重 要意義。迄今為止對急性缺氧條件下腦認知功能障礙的發(fā)生時段尚無 第四軍醫(yī)大學碩士學位論文 一致認識。 本實驗目的在于：門得出輕、中度缺氧條件下最佳亮度對比度 值；2）得出輕、中度缺氧條件下最佳聲強值；3）利用加因素法分析 地面及5 000m高低兩個不同高度，55dB及80dB強弱兩個不同聲強 的反應時及P。。。潛時，得出腦功能障礙發(fā)生時段。通過以上研究為航 空工效學的研究及制訂相關標準提供人體實驗依據(jù)。 本研究以14名健康男性青年作為被試者，分別在地面、1500m、 3000m、5000m進行5個不同亮度對比度（8：1，10：1，12：l，14：1， 16：1）的視覺oddball測試和5種不同聲強值（55、60、70、80、85dB） 的聽覺 oddbal測試，屏幕亮度設為 20cdimdjm，環(huán)境噪聲為 30dB，實 驗采用完全隨機設計，即在不同高度、不同亮度對比度及不同聲強值 之間完全隨機。實驗分兩部分，先進行不同亮度對比度部分的實驗， 后進行不同聲強值部分的實驗，實驗中測試視覺、聽覺 oddball任務 的反應時，腦事件相關電位P。。。成分潛伏期，監(jiān)測血氧飽和度，主觀 感覺評定等項生理心理學指標。 主要實驗結果如下： 1．在不同高度的不同亮度對比度任務間，P刪潛時、RT的差別 隨高度的不同而不同，在地面及1500In，P。潛時、RT在各對比度 任務間無顯著差別，而在3 000m及 5 000m高度，P刪潛時、RT在對 比度為14：1時比其它對比度時的巳。潛時、RT顯著縮短。表明在輕 度缺氧條件下（01 500In），對比度的變化對腦認知功能無明顯影響； 中度缺氧條件下，腦認知功能隨亮度對比度增加而提高，在屏幕亮度 為 20Cdjm時，最佳對比度為 14：l。 2．在地面最佳聲強值為60～70dB，在1500m輕度缺氧條件下， 最佳聲強值仍為60～70dB，，表明輕度缺氧對聽覺通道影響不顯著。 11 9 第四軍醫(yī)大學碩士學位論文 在3 000m、5 000m高度最佳聲強值提高至70～80dB，這一結果表明 以聽覺為通道傳導的腦認知工效在3 000In及5 000m時下降，需加大 聲強才能保持原有水平。 3．在 5 000n高度聽覺反應時顯著延長，高聲強刺激信號時 （80dB）反應時顯著縮短；高度與聲強間存在交互作用，根據(jù)加因素 法理論分析，本實驗得出的結論是缺氧影響腦對信息反應過程的前加 工階段。 通過以上研究，得出輕、中度缺氧條件下最佳亮度對比度值及 聲強值，并對急性缺氧腦功能障礙的發(fā)生時段進行了初步的探討，但 本實驗僅對特定條件下（一定的環(huán)境條件如屏幕背景亮度、照度和環(huán) 境噪聲）的最佳亮度對比度值和聲強值進行了探討，對不同實驗條件 下的最佳亮度對比度值及聲強值尚需進一步實驗得出。
[Abstract]:Acute hypoxia affects brain cognitive function , and its main manifestations are visual and auditory afferent pathways .









time ( RT ) extension , brain event related potential ,









ERP ) P _ ( 300 ) component latent time extension and so on . In modern aviation flight , with the aircraft performance









With the improvement of the computer , the computer has been widely used in this field , so how to improve the pilot









In the case of a computer - based video display terminal ( VDT ) ,









The degree of luminance contrast is one of the most important factors that affect the visual work efficiency .









Under the condition of acute hypoxia , the best brightness contrast of brain cognitive work is discussed .









The cognitive function of the pilot is of great significance .
The auditory channel is another important part of the external information









in modern aviation , because most of that information depend on the introduction of visual channel ,









The visual channel load is too heavy to cause the brain cognitive work efficiency to decrease , so the information is passed in









More attention has been paid to the sense pathway , which has been shown to be a double - channel person in sight and listening .









The best sound intensity value in the study of acute hypoxia was also the highest in the model .









To date , the occurrence period of brain cognitive dysfunction in acute hypoxic condition has not been studied .





























Master ' s Degree in the Fourth Military Medical University









Consistent understanding .









The purpose of this experiment was to get the best brightness contrast under mild and moderate hypoxia conditions .









Value ;
2 ) obtaining the best sound intensity value under the condition of light and moderate hypoxia ;
3 ) Analysis of using factor analysis









Two different heights , 55dB and 80dB strength and two different sound intensity on the ground and the height of 5 m









Reaction time and P . . At the time of latent period , the time period of brain dysfunction can be obtained .









The study of air ergonomics and the development of relevant standards provide the basis for human experiment .









In this study , 14 healthy male young people were employed as subjects in the ground , 1500m , respectively .









5 different luminance contrast ratios ( 8 : 1 , 10 : 1 , 12 : l , 14 : 1 ,









16 : 1 ) Visual oddball test and 5 different sound intensity values ( 55 , 60 , 70 , 80 , 85 dB )









hearing oddbal test with screen brightness of 20cdimdjm , ambient noise of 30dB , real









Complete random design is adopted , i.e . at different heights , different brightness contrast degrees and different sound intensity values









the experiment is divided into two parts , the experiments of different brightness contrast parts are carried out first ,









Experiments with different sound intensity values were performed to test the visual and auditory oddball tasks in the experiment .









During the response , the brain event - related potential P . . component latency , monitoring blood oxygen saturation , subjective









sensory evaluation and other physiological psychology indexes .









The main experimental results are as follows :









1 . Difference in RT when P is deleted between different brightness contrast tasks at different heights









Different from height , at ground and 1500In , P . , RT at each contrast









There is no significant difference between tasks , while at the height of 3 m and 5 m , P is deleted , RT is right









When the ratio is 14 : 1 , the RT is significantly shorter than the other contrast when the contrast ratio is 14 : 1 .









Under the condition of hypoxia ( 01 500In ) , the change of contrast had no obvious effect on the cognitive function of the brain ;










Under moderate hypoxia condition , the brain cognitive function is increased with the increase of brightness contrast degree , at the screen brightness ,









When 20Cdjm is 20Cdjm , the optimum contrast is 14 : l .









2 . the best sound intensity value of the ground is 60 - 70dB , under the condition of mild anoxia of 1500m ,









The best sound intensity was still 60 锝

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