本文關(guān)鍵詞： 恙蟲(chóng)病 流行病學(xué) 研究 展望　出處：《解放軍預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》2003年03期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：半個(gè)世紀(jì)來(lái) ,我軍通過(guò)廣泛持久地開(kāi)展恙蟲(chóng)病的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查研究與預(yù)防工作 ,取得了系列成果 ,主要有 :(1)疫區(qū)分布 :首先證實(shí)福建、浙江、云南、西藏、江蘇、山東、遼寧、吉林、黑龍江、山西、河北等省存在恙蟲(chóng)病自然疫源地。 (2 )宿主動(dòng)物 :在國(guó)內(nèi)首次證實(shí)黃毛鼠、社鼠、大麝　、大林姬鼠、大倉(cāng)鼠和兔為恙蟲(chóng)病的宿主動(dòng)物。 (3)媒介恙螨 :以完整證據(jù)證明地里纖恙螨為我國(guó)南方、小盾纖恙螨為我國(guó)北方恙蟲(chóng)病的主要傳播媒介。發(fā)現(xiàn)并證實(shí)高湖纖恙螨、海島纖恙螨為恙蟲(chóng)病的新媒介。 (4 )季節(jié)分布與東方體分型 :證明我國(guó)恙蟲(chóng)病南方地區(qū)屬夏季型 ,首先報(bào)告北方地區(qū)屬秋冬型、東方體屬Kawasaki型。 (5 )疫源地類(lèi)型 :證明我國(guó)存在著多型恙蟲(chóng)病疫源地 ,其中具有代表性的主要有沿海島嶼型 (主要分布于福建 )、內(nèi)陸山林型 (主要分布于浙江 )和內(nèi)陸平原丘陵型 (主要分布于江蘇 )。這 3型疫源地的景觀、植被、宿主、媒介、季節(jié)分布與東方體型別均有所不同 ,因此 ,采取的預(yù)防措施亦應(yīng)有所區(qū)別。 (6 )預(yù)防 :研究出許多滅鼠、滅螨和個(gè)體防護(hù)方法 ,通過(guò)采取綜合性預(yù)防措施 ,有效地控制了發(fā)病和疫源地。
[Abstract]:Over the past half century, our army has made a series of achievements through extensive and sustained epidemiological investigation and prevention of tsutsugamushi disease, mainly in the distribution of the epidemic areas: first of all, we confirmed the distribution of Fujian and Zhejiang provinces. Natural foci of tsutsugamushi disease exist in Yunnan, Tibet, Jiangsu, Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shanxi and Hebei provinces. Apodemus davidii, hamsters and rabbits as host animals for tsutsugamushi disease.) chigger mites: complete evidence to prove that chigger mites are in the south of China. Chigger mites are the main vectors of tsutsugamushi disease in northern China. Sea island chigger mites are a new vector of tsutsugamushi disease. 4) seasonal distribution and oriental type: it is proved that southern area of tsutsugamushi disease belongs to summer type. First, it is reported that northern area belongs to autumn and winter type. Oriental body belongs to Kawasaki type. 5) the type of foci: it is proved that there are many types of tsutsugamushi disease foci in China. Among them, the main representative is the coastal island type (mainly distributed in Fujian). Inland mountain forest type (mainly distributed in Zhejiang) and inland plain hilly type (mainly distributed in Jiangsu Province). The landscape, vegetation, host and medium of these three types of foci. The seasonal distribution is different from that of the oriental type, so the preventive measures should be different. 6) Prevention: many methods of rodent control, mites control and individual protection have been studied. By taking comprehensive preventive measures, the incidence and foci were effectively controlled.
【作者單位】： 南京軍區(qū)聯(lián)勤部軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究所 南京軍區(qū)聯(lián)勤部軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究所 南京軍區(qū)聯(lián)勤部軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究所
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R82
【正文快照】： 恙蟲(chóng)病在我國(guó)主要流行于東南沿海和西南邊疆地區(qū) ,對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)夭筷?duì)的軍訓(xùn)、野營(yíng)和作戰(zhàn)等軍事行動(dòng)影響很大。多年來(lái) ,為保障部隊(duì)健康 ,我軍對(duì)恙蟲(chóng)病開(kāi)展了系統(tǒng)的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查研究 ,積累了豐富的科學(xué)資料 ,提供了有效的預(yù)防方法�，F(xiàn)按主要調(diào)研結(jié)果、主要成果、研究特色及展望 4個(gè)部

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