本文選題：女排 + 后備人才　； 參考：《福建師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以參加全運會、城運會“青少年組”女子排球隊集訓(xùn)的15支高水平后備人才隊伍,共計218名運動員為研究對象,采用文獻資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、訪談法、實地調(diào)查法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法、邏輯分析法、描述性研究等研究手段,對運動員運動損傷進行了調(diào)查研究。主要研究結(jié)果如下： (1)總體運動損傷率81.5%,運動損傷共計276例次,平均1.69次／人。不同年齡運動員運動損傷率之間存在顯著性差異；不同運動級別、不同位置運動員運動損傷率之間不存在差異性；運動損傷現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,前景令人堪憂。 (2)運動損傷的流行病學(xué)特征表現(xiàn)為：運動損傷部位分布主要集合在膝、踝、肩、腰背和腕；主攻、副攻和接應(yīng)二傳的損傷部位主要集中在膝、踝、肩、腰背等部位；二傳損傷部位主要集中在腕、膝、踝、手等部位；自由人的損傷部位則主要集中在膝、踝、腰背、腕等部位；運動損傷的病程以急性損傷為主,在急性損傷中損傷部位以踝關(guān)節(jié)最多,其次是膝關(guān)節(jié)、肩部、腰部和腕部,急性損傷的性質(zhì)主要以韌帶損傷、肌肉拉傷和挫傷為主；運動損傷的程度以輕度和中度損傷為主；運動損傷發(fā)生時段的概率從高到低排列順序依次為技術(shù)訓(xùn)練、戰(zhàn)術(shù)訓(xùn)練、教學(xué)比賽、素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練、正式比賽和其它時段。 (3)導(dǎo)致我國女排高水平后備人才常見運動損傷的潛在因素主要包括排球項目自身的技術(shù)特點和我國女排高水平后備人才整體的身心特征、技術(shù)及訓(xùn)練水平特征；直接因素主要表現(xiàn)在身體素質(zhì)差、技術(shù)動作不規(guī)范、局部負擔過重、準備活動不合理、帶傷訓(xùn)練比賽、運動負荷過大、自我保護意識差、過度疲勞等八個主要方面。 (4)我國女排高水平后備人才隊伍訓(xùn)練中缺乏完善的醫(yī)務(wù)監(jiān)督、運動員了解運動損傷知識甚微、防傷教育力度欠缺、高科技手段沒有得到充分利用、隊伍比賽經(jīng)驗不夠等問題,是運動損傷直接致因的主要原因,不同程度上給常見運動損傷的出現(xiàn)帶來了隱患。 (5)我國女排高水平后備人才常見運動損傷的預(yù)防對策：全面發(fā)展身體素質(zhì)是預(yù)防運動損傷的基礎(chǔ)措施；完善技術(shù)動作是預(yù)防運動損傷的有利因素；合理安排訓(xùn)練是預(yù)防運動損傷的必要手段；避免帶傷訓(xùn)練或比賽是預(yù)防運動損傷和二次損傷的重要措施；加強防傷教育,提高防傷意識是預(yù)防運動損傷的先決條件；建立完善的醫(yī)務(wù)監(jiān)督體系是預(yù)防運動損傷的有力保障。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a total of 218 athletes from 15 women's volleyball teams in the "Youth team" of the National Games and the City Games were selected as the research objects. The methods of literature, questionnaire, interview and field investigation were used in this paper. Mathematical statistics, logic analysis, descriptive research and other research methods, athletes sports injury investigation and research. The main results were as follows: 1) the total injury rate was 81.5. The total number of sports injuries was 276 (average 1.69 / person). There is significant difference in sports injury rate among athletes of different ages; there is no difference between athletes in different sports levels and positions; the current situation of sports injury is not optimistic. The epidemiological features of sports injuries are as follows: the distribution of sports injuries is mainly concentrated in knee, ankle, shoulder, back and wrist, and the main attack, secondary attack and secondary attack are mainly in knee, ankle and shoulder. The injured parts of the waist and back are mainly concentrated in the wrist, knee, ankle, hand and so on; the free person's injuries are mainly in the knee, the ankle, the back of the waist, the wrist, and so on; the course of the sports injury is mainly acute injury. In acute injury, ankle joint was the most common, followed by knee joint, shoulder, waist and wrist. The main nature of acute injury was ligament injury, muscle strain and contusion, and the degree of sports injury was mild and moderate injury. The order of the probability of sports injury occurring period from high to low is technical training, tactical training, teaching competition, quality training, The potential factors leading to the common sports injury of high-level reserve talents of Chinese women's volleyball team mainly include the technical characteristics of volleyball events and the physical and mental characteristics of high-level reserve talents of Chinese women's volleyball team. The direct factors are poor physical quality, irregular technical movements, excessive local burden, unreasonable preparation activities, injury training competition, excessive exercise load and poor self-protection consciousness. There is a lack of perfect medical supervision in the training of high level reserve talents of Chinese women's volleyball team, the athletes have little knowledge of sports injuries, the strength of injury prevention education is insufficient, and the high-tech means are not fully utilized. The main reason for the direct cause of sports injury is the lack of experience in team competition. To some extent, it brings hidden trouble to the appearance of common sports injuries. 5) the preventive countermeasures of common sports injuries for high-level reserve talents of Chinese women's volleyball team: the comprehensive development of physical quality is the basic measure to prevent sports injuries; Perfecting technical action is a favorable factor to prevent sports injury; rational arrangement of training is a necessary means to prevent sports injury; avoiding injury training or competition is an important measure to prevent sports injury and secondary injury; strengthening injury prevention education, Improving the consciousness of preventing injury is the precondition of preventing sports injury, and establishing a perfect medical supervision system is the effective guarantee to prevent sports injury.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G842;R873

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