【摘要】：目的本研究旨在了解武昌區(qū)某社區(qū)0～3歲健康兒童的體重、6種指血無機元素（鋅、鐵、鈣、鎂、銅和鉛）含量，探討并評價該地區(qū)兒童體重與6種指血無機元素的關系，為該地區(qū)兒童保健工作提供參考依據(jù)，并為今后開展有效的干預措施提供依據(jù)。 對象2009年10月到2011年4月期間在武昌區(qū)某社區(qū)醫(yī)院兒�？谱鼋】刁w檢的0～36月齡644名健康兒童（剔除患有佝僂病、感染、貧血、腹瀉等疾病的兒童），其中男性369名，女性275名，平均年齡10.8月齡。 方法體重評價采用WHO0~18歲兒童生長發(fā)育參考標準。體重測量按第七版《實用兒科學》體檢方法進行，精確到0.01kg。超重和肥胖的判斷根據(jù)同年齡、同性別身高-體重法判斷。6種指血無機元素由專業(yè)的檢驗員采集左手環(huán)指末梢血，使用的是MP-2型溶出分析儀(A型)（山東生產）溶出電位法，可檢測出血清鐵、鋅、鈣、鎂、銅、鉛。逐一登記，將數(shù)據(jù)編制成表格，統(tǒng)一運用Excel建立數(shù)據(jù)庫，并采用SPSS17.0軟件，進行T檢驗、卡方檢驗、協(xié)方差分析和相關檢驗。 結果該社區(qū)0～36月齡兒童體重水平整體高于2006年WHO新標準參考值均值水平，處于中等及以上水平。超重肥胖檢出率分別為20.7%和8.1%，超重-肥胖比為2.5，，各年齡段中以0～6月齡組兒童超重肥胖率最高（超重率27.5%,肥胖率12.7%），男童超重肥胖率高于女童（男童：33.1%，女童：22.5%）。肥胖超重檢出率存在性別、年齡差異。兒童6種指血無機元素含量在各年齡段存在性別差異：0～6月齡，男童血鉛含量明顯大于女童（t=10.465,P=0.001），7～12月齡組女童血鈣含量顯著大于男童（t=5.749,P=0.017），13～36月齡男童血銅、血鉛含量明顯高于女童（t=10.306,P=0.002）。兒童以缺鈣（29.3%）為最高，其次依次是缺鋅（17.4%）、缺鎂（13.5%）、缺鐵（5.1%），該社區(qū)兒童中無血銅缺乏者，高血鉛率為5.9%。血鐵缺乏存在顯著年齡差異（ⅹ~2=6.472，P=0.039）。男女兒童血中都含有鉛元素，但男童的高鉛率明顯高于女童（ⅹ~2=4.432，P=0.035）。0～36月齡兒童血鋅、鐵元素聯(lián)合缺乏率達6.6%，其中在0～6月齡組最常見，其后隨年齡增長而降低。6種無機元素相關性分析顯示：除血鋅與銅、血鈣與銅無顯著相關外，血鋅、血鐵、血鈣、血鎂、血銅5種無機元素均存在顯著相關（P＜0.01）。7～12月齡組兒童血鋅、鐵、鈣缺乏組和正常對照組的體重及WAZ均存在差異（P＜0.05）。13～36月齡組男童血鋅缺乏組與正常對照組的WAZ存在差異（t=2.538,P=0.013）。0～6月齡組和7～12月齡組男童高血鉛組與正常對照組兒童體重存在差異（t=-2.247,P=0.026）。 結論該社區(qū)兒童肥胖超重情況較為突出，有其是男童。該社區(qū)兒童血鋅、血鐵、血鈣、血鎂、血銅5種無機元素含量均處在正常范圍的中等或中等以上水平，血鉛含量低于全國兒童調查水平，高血鉛率低于全國調查水平。血鋅、血鐵缺乏與兒童體重有關。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the body weight and the contents of inorganic elements (zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, copper and lead) in children aged 3 years in a community in Wuchang District, and to explore and evaluate the relationship between the body weight of children and the inorganic elements of six finger blood in Wuchang District. It provides reference basis for children's health care in this area, and provides basis for effective intervention in the future. Participants from October 2009 to April 2011, 644 healthy children (excluding children with rickets, infection, anemia, diarrhoea and other diseases) were examined in the Department of Child Care in a community hospital in Wuchang District, including 369 males, and 644 healthy children aged 36 months (excluding children with rickets, infection, anemia, diarrhoea, etc.), There were 275 females with an average age of 10.8 months. Methods the body weight was evaluated by the reference standard of growth and development of children aged WHO0~18. The weight measurement was carried out according to the seventh edition of practical Pediatrics, and the accuracy was 0.01kg. The judgment of overweight and obesity was based on the same age, same sex height and weight. Six inorganic elements of finger blood were collected by professional examiners. MP-2 type dissolution analyzer (type A) (Shandong production) was used to detect serum iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, copper and lead. Register the data one by one, compile the data into tables, establish the database by using Excel, and use SPSS17.0 software to carry out T test, chi-square test, covariance analysis and correlation test. Results the body weight level of 0 ~ 36 months old children in this community was higher than the average level of the new standard reference value of WHO in 2006, and it was in the middle level and above level. The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity was 20.7% and 8.1%, respectively, and the ratio of overweight to obesity was 2.5. The overweight and obesity rate was the highest in children of 0 to 6 months of age (27.5% and 12.7%). The rate of overweight and obesity in boys was higher than that in girls (33.1% for boys and 22.5% for girls). There were sex and age differences in the prevalence of obesity and overweight. The contents of inorganic elements in 6 finger blood of children were significantly higher than those of girls at 0 ~ 6 months of age (t = 10.465p ~ (0.001), and the contents of serum calcium in girls of 7 ~ 12 months old were significantly higher than those of boys (t = 5.749), while the contents of inorganic elements in children's blood were significantly higher than those in girls (t = 10.465p ~ (0.001). The levels of blood lead in boys aged 13 to 36 months were significantly higher than those in girls (t = 10.306, P < 0.002). Calcium deficiency (29.3%) was the highest in children, followed by zinc deficiency (17.4%), magnesium deficiency (13.5%) and iron deficiency (5.1%). There was significant age difference in blood iron deficiency (x ~ 2 + 6.472 P 0.039). Both boys and girls had lead elements in their blood, but the high lead rate of boys was significantly higher than that of girls (x ~ 2 ~ 4. 432P ~ 0. 035). The blood zinc and iron deficiency rates of children aged 36 months were 6. 6%, especially in 0 ~ 6 months old group. The correlation analysis of 6 inorganic elements showed that except blood zinc and copper, blood calcium and copper had no significant correlation, blood zinc, blood iron, blood calcium, blood magnesium, There were significant correlations among 5 inorganic elements in blood copper (P < 0.01). There was significant difference in body weight and WAZ between the calcium deficiency group and the normal control group (P < 0. 05), and the WAZ of the 13 ~ 36 month old boys with zinc deficiency was significantly different from that of the normal control group (t 2. 538). There was a significant difference in body weight between the boys with high blood lead and the normal control group (t = -2.247, P < 0. 026), and there was no significant difference in body weight between 0 and 12 months old boys (P < 0. 013). Conclusion the obesity and overweight rate of children in this community is more prominent, some of them are boys. The contents of serum zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium and copper in blood of children in this community were all in the medium or above normal range, the blood lead content was lower than the national investigation level, and the high blood lead rate was lower than the national investigation level. Blood zinc and iron deficiency are associated with children's weight.
【學位授予單位】：武漢科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R179

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