【摘要】：[目的]為全面了解常德市存在職業(yè)病有害因素企業(yè)的基本情況和防治現(xiàn)狀,探討存在的問(wèn)題并提出建議,推動(dòng)職業(yè)病防治工作的發(fā)展,切實(shí)保護(hù)廣大企業(yè)職工的身體健康,對(duì)今后的職業(yè)病防治工作提供決策依據(jù)。 [方法]采用橫斷面調(diào)查方法,制定統(tǒng)一的調(diào)查表,分級(jí)、分批培訓(xùn)區(qū)縣疾控部門(mén)的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人員或企業(yè)的職業(yè)衛(wèi)生管理人員,統(tǒng)一要求、方法和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；于2011年9月至12月對(duì)存在職業(yè)病有害因素的企業(yè)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查,由各區(qū)縣疾控中心專業(yè)調(diào)查人員審核后錄入職業(yè)健康狀況信息管理系統(tǒng),對(duì)職業(yè)健康現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行描述性分析。 [結(jié)果]全市調(diào)查存在有害因素的作業(yè)企業(yè)981家,非公制企業(yè)占73.6%,中小型企業(yè)占99%。調(diào)查職工總數(shù)98224人,接觸有害因素的生產(chǎn)工人46553人,占職工總數(shù)的47.4%。接觸有害因素工人體檢率30.7%,存在有害因素企業(yè)的監(jiān)測(cè)覆蓋率為34.4%,應(yīng)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的監(jiān)測(cè)率22.1%。工傷保險(xiǎn)實(shí)際參保率達(dá)89.4%,勞動(dòng)合同中有職業(yè)病危害告知內(nèi)容的占46.4%,制定專門(mén)衛(wèi)生責(zé)任制的企業(yè)達(dá)62.9%。全市職業(yè)病以塵肺病為主,08-10年新確診塵肺病人519人,占全部新發(fā)職業(yè)病人的68%。 [結(jié)論]該市工業(yè)企業(yè)以非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì),中小型企業(yè)為主。全市職業(yè)健康監(jiān)護(hù)率不高,需要不斷加強(qiáng)。工業(yè)企業(yè)職業(yè)病危害因素檢測(cè)率也有待提高。職業(yè)衛(wèi)生管理達(dá)標(biāo)率低,需要加強(qiáng)管理。
[Abstract]:[objective] in order to understand the basic situation and present situation of prevention and cure of occupational disease in Changde City, to discuss the existing problems and put forward some suggestions, to promote the development of occupational disease prevention and control, and to protect the health of the workers and staff of the enterprise. To provide the decision basis for the prevention and cure of occupational diseases in the future. [methods] adopting the method of cross-sectional investigation, establishing a unified questionnaire, grading, training occupational health professionals in the district and county disease control department in batches, and unifying the requirements, methods and standards. From September to December, 2011, the enterprises with harmful factors of occupational diseases were investigated on the spot, and the occupational health status information management system was entered into the occupational health information management system after examination by the professional investigators of the CDC in all districts and counties, and the descriptive analysis of occupational health status was carried out. [results] 981 enterprises with harmful factors were investigated in the whole city, among them, 73.6 were non-metric enterprises and 99.6 were small and medium-sized enterprises. The total number of workers was 98224 and the number of workers exposed to harmful factors was 46553, accounting for 47.4% of the total. The physical examination rate of workers exposed to harmful factors was 30.7, the monitoring coverage rate of enterprises with harmful factors was 34.44.The monitoring rate of monitoring points should be 22.1. The actual insurance participation rate of industrial injury insurance is 89.4, the proportion of workers who have occupational disease hazard information in the labor contract is 46.4 percent, and the number of enterprises with special health responsibility system is 62.9. The major occupational diseases in the city were pneumoconiosis (n = 519), which accounted for 68% of all newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients from 2008 to 10. [conclusion] the industrial enterprises in this city are mainly non-public economy and small and medium enterprises. The occupational health surveillance rate in the city is not high and needs to be continuously strengthened. The detection rate of occupational hazard factors in industrial enterprises also needs to be improved. Occupational health management needs to be strengthened because of its low compliance rate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R13

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