發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-28 22:37

  本文選題：量子點(diǎn) + 線蟲�。� 參考：《蘇州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著納米材料的迅速發(fā)展,半導(dǎo)體熒光量子點(diǎn)和熒光硅納米顆粒作為具有代表性的熒光納米材料,由于其優(yōu)良的光學(xué)性質(zhì),在生物學(xué)及生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。隨著對(duì)熒光納米材料生物應(yīng)用的日益深入,其生物安全性得到了科研工作者們的廣泛關(guān)注。秀麗隱桿線蟲由于具有優(yōu)異的特性和研究的優(yōu)勢(shì)(例如,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)同時(shí)在整體水平和亞細(xì)胞水平上進(jìn)行研究,且遺傳進(jìn)化保守的特點(diǎn)也使得與線蟲相關(guān)的研究具有重大的價(jià)值),因而被科研工作者們作為模式動(dòng)物來(lái)研究納米材料的生物安全性。因此,在本文中,我們利用線蟲作為動(dòng)物模型系統(tǒng)地研究了碲化鎘量子點(diǎn)和熒光硅納米顆粒的生物安全性。首先,本文從整體水平和亞細(xì)胞水平對(duì)三種不同尺寸的碲化鎘量子點(diǎn)在線蟲體內(nèi)的行為學(xué)以及毒理學(xué)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明碲化鎘量子點(diǎn)在線蟲體內(nèi)的分布和毒性有著一定的尺寸依賴性。量子點(diǎn)短時(shí)間的處理會(huì)抑制線蟲的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,對(duì)線蟲的壽命沒(méi)有明顯的影響,表明量子點(diǎn)短時(shí)間的處理對(duì)線蟲產(chǎn)生的影響是急性的,不會(huì)造成永久性的損傷。但是,量子點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的處理會(huì)抑制線蟲的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育并縮短其壽命,造成的影響是難以恢復(fù)的。因此,與體外培養(yǎng)的細(xì)胞不同,線蟲可以承受量子點(diǎn)短時(shí)間處理所帶來(lái)的影響。若量子點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間滯留在線蟲體內(nèi),則對(duì)線蟲造成的影響是不可恢復(fù)的。通過(guò)對(duì)亞細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)的檢測(cè)與分析,證明碲化鎘量子點(diǎn)破壞了線蟲體內(nèi)細(xì)胞的胞吞過(guò)程以及營(yíng)養(yǎng)貯存過(guò)程,這可能是量子點(diǎn)造成線蟲生長(zhǎng)抑制和壽命縮短的根本原因。本文揭示了碲化鎘量子點(diǎn)會(huì)破壞生物體內(nèi)細(xì)胞過(guò)程的穩(wěn)態(tài),其在組織和器官中長(zhǎng)久的累積會(huì)造成無(wú)法恢復(fù)的損傷。上述研究結(jié)果為了解量子點(diǎn)的生物安全性提供了一定的參考。其次,本文利用哺乳動(dòng)物細(xì)胞和線蟲研究了硅納米顆粒對(duì)自噬的調(diào)控情況。具體而言,通過(guò)將硅納米顆粒對(duì)細(xì)胞和線蟲進(jìn)行處理,結(jié)果表明硅納米顆粒沒(méi)有引起細(xì)胞與線蟲體內(nèi)自噬小體的形成。經(jīng)過(guò)硅納米顆粒處理的細(xì)胞與線蟲,體內(nèi)自噬相關(guān)基因的轉(zhuǎn)錄水平?jīng)]有發(fā)生上調(diào),且自噬相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá)量也沒(méi)有升高。而且在不同的處理時(shí)間條件下,硅納米顆粒均沒(méi)有引起細(xì)胞中自噬小體的形成。通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)地檢測(cè)線蟲體內(nèi)自噬小體數(shù)目的變化,也進(jìn)一步表明硅納米顆粒沒(méi)有引起線蟲體內(nèi)自噬小體的形成。綜上所述,上述研究結(jié)果初步表明了硅納米顆粒在適宜成像的濃度下沒(méi)有引起細(xì)胞與線蟲產(chǎn)生自噬,這為了解硅納米顆粒與自噬的關(guān)系提供了一定的信息。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of nanomaterials, semiconductor fluorescent quantum dots and fluorescent silicon nanoparticles, as representative fluorescent nanomaterials, have been widely used in biological and biomedical fields because of their excellent optical properties. With the increasing application of fluorescent nanomaterials, the biosafety of fluorescent nanomaterials has been paid more and more attention by researchers. Because of its excellent properties and research advantages (for example, it can be achieved at both the overall and subcellular levels). The conservation of genetic evolution also makes the research related to nematodes of great value. Therefore, researchers have been used as model animals to study the biological safety of nanomaterials. Therefore, in this paper, the biological safety of cadmium telluride quantum dots and fluorescent silicon nanoparticles were systematically studied using nematodes as animal models. Firstly, the behavior and toxicology of three different sizes of cadmium telluride quantum dots in vivo were systematically studied at the global and subcellular levels. Experimental data show that the distribution and toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in vivo are size dependent. The growth and development of nematodes were inhibited by the treatment of quantum dots for a short time, and the longevity of nematodes was not affected obviously, which indicated that the effects of the treatment of quantum dots on nematodes were acute and would not cause permanent damage. However, the treatment of quantum dots for a long time will inhibit the growth and development of nematode and shorten its life span, and the effect is difficult to recover. As a result, nematodes can withstand the effects of short quantum dot treatments, unlike cells cultured in vitro. If the QDs stay in the nematodes for a long time, the effect on the nematodes is irreversible. Through the detection and analysis of the subcellular structure, it is proved that the cadmium telluride quantum dots destroy the process of endocytosis and nutrient storage of nematode cells, which may be the root cause of the inhibition of growth and the shortening of life span of nematodes. This paper reveals that cadmium telluride quantum dots can destroy the steady-state of cell process in organism and the accumulation of cadmium telluride quantum dots in tissues and organs can cause irreparable damage. These results provide a reference for understanding the biological safety of quantum dots. Secondly, the regulation of silicon nanoparticles on autophagy was studied by mammalian cells and nematodes. In particular, by treating cells and nematodes with silicon nanoparticles, the results showed that the formation of autophagy bodies in cells and nematodes was not induced by silicon nanoparticles. The transcription level of autophagy related gene was not up-regulated and the expression of autophagy related protein was not increased in the cells and nematodes treated with silicon nanoparticles. In addition, no autophagy formation was induced by silicon nanoparticles at different treatment time. Through real-time detection of the number of autophagy bodies in nematodes, it is further indicated that the formation of autophagy bodies in nematodes is not caused by silicon nanoparticles. To sum up, the above results show that silicon nanoparticles do not induce autophagy between cells and nematodes at suitable imaging concentration, which provides some information for understanding the relationship between silicon nanoparticles and autophagy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R114;TB383.1

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