【摘要】：[目的]探索自我效能增強干預措施對高血壓患者生活質量的影響。[方法]采用整群抽樣的方法,選擇上海市黃浦區(qū)4個街道中符合條件的高血壓患者納入研究。其中,2個街道作為A組,僅采取常規(guī)健康自我管理,包括定期測量血壓、健康咨詢、小組座談會、健康報刊學習等;另2個街道作為B組常規(guī)健康自我管理基礎上開展為期1年的自我效能增強干預,包括同伴教育、演講比賽、健康計劃書。通過基線調查和終點調查了解研究對象人口學特征、生活質量、自我效能水平、血壓的變化。最終回收1 045份有效問卷,A組498份,B組547份。[結果]終期調查時,A組血壓控制率為91.6%、B組血壓控制率為95.6%,差異有統計學意義。兩組研究對象自我效能水平均出現了一定程度的下降,但A組的下降幅度高于B組(A組為45.0%,B組為78.8%)。干預前后A組除生理職能得分提高(P0.05)外,其他維度的得分均沒有變化或降低;而B組在生理機能、生理職能及情感職能等得分均有提高(P0.05)。A組研究對象認為自己一年來健康狀況較差的比例有提高(P0.05),而B組對象認為健康狀況較差的比例有降低(P0.05)。[結論]以社區(qū)為基礎的自我效能增強干預措施能夠有效減緩高血壓患者生活質量的降低。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the effect of self-efficacy enhancement intervention on the quality of life of patients with hypertension. [methods] A cluster sampling method was used to select eligible hypertension patients in four streets of Huangpu District, Shanghai. Among them, 2 streets as group A, only take routine health self-management, including regular measurement of blood pressure, health counseling, group discussions, health newspapers and learning; The other two streets were used as the basis of routine health self-management in group B for a year of self-efficacy enhancement interventions, including peer education, speech contest, and health plan. The demographic characteristics, quality of life, self-efficacy and blood pressure of the subjects were investigated by baseline survey and end-point survey. 1045 valid questionnaires were collected, 498 in group A and 547 in group B. [results] at the end of the investigation, the blood pressure control rate of group A was 91.6 and that of group B was 95.6.The difference was statistically significant. The level of self-efficacy in both groups decreased to a certain extent, but the decrease in group A was higher than that in group B (45.0% in group A and 78.8% in group B). The scores of other dimensions in group A were not changed or decreased except that the score of physiological function was increased (P0.05) before and after intervention. The scores of physiological function, physiological function and emotional function were improved in group B (P0.05). (P0.05) the proportion of subjects in). A group who thought that their health status had been poor in the past year was increased (P0.05), while in group B, the scores of physiological function, physiological function and emotional function were increased. In group B, the proportion of poor health was decreased (P0.05). Conclusion Community-based self-efficacy enhancement intervention can effectively slow down the decline of quality of life in patients with hypertension.
【作者單位】： 上海市第二人民醫(yī)院院長辦公室;上海市黃浦區(qū)疾病預防控制中心健康教育科;
【分類號】：R544.1

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