發(fā)布時間：2018-06-22 18:11

  本文選題：功能性構(gòu)音障礙 + 語音特點��； 參考：《鄭州大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的分析學齡后功能性構(gòu)音障礙(Functional articulation disorders,FAD)患者輔音的語音特點,并探討適于學齡后各發(fā)育階段FAD患者的語音訓練方法,為臨床語音訓練提供指導和依據(jù)。方法收集2015年10月~2016年12月就診于鄭州大學第一附屬醫(yī)院語音治療科的學齡后FAD患者300例,其中男228例,女72例,男女比例為3.2:1,年齡7~26歲,平均(12.78±5.79)歲,采用計算機語音工作站(Computer Speech Lab,CSL)按照華西口腔醫(yī)院語音清晰度測試表對300例患者進行語音評估,分析患者異常輔音的臨床特點;按照漢語語音清晰度測試表對符合入選標準的80例患者,在語音訓練前后分別錄音,計算訓練前后的語音清晰度值,評價語音訓練效果,采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行統(tǒng)計學處理,臨床研究一為描述性研究,研究二的實驗設(shè)計類型為自身配對設(shè)計,對患者語音訓練效果進行配對t檢驗,檢驗水準α=0.05。結(jié)果300例FAD患者中學齡期、青春期和成年期患者分別有166例、72例、62例,所占比例依次為55.3%、24.0%及20.7%,三組例數(shù)比為2.7:1.2:1。各組異常輔音主要表現(xiàn)為舌尖后音、舌尖前音、舌尖中音異常,且均以舌尖后音錯誤比例最高,依次為90.3%、93.4%、93.5%,雙唇音錯誤比例最低,依次為35.5%、13.9%、9.7%。輔音錯誤類型主要為置換、脫落、扭曲及側(cè)化,隨年齡增長,置換和脫落所占比例依次遞減,以學齡期比例最高,分別為90.4%(150/166)和58.4%(97/166),扭曲和側(cè)化所占比例依次遞增,以成年期比例最高,分別為56.5%(35/62)和40.3%(25/62)。各組錯誤比例最高的構(gòu)音錯誤形式依次為/l/音脫落45.2%(75/166)、舌尖后音扭曲48.6%(35/72)和舌尖后音扭曲35.5%(22/62)。80例FAD患者語音清晰度值由訓練前的(48.69±11.66)提高到訓練后的(90.69±3.14),語音清晰度明顯提高,差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=29.489,P0.001)。各組語音訓練前后語音清晰度值比較,差異均具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t值依次為17.786、17.692、15.216,P值均0.001),組間比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學意義(H=0.380,P=0.827),熟練掌握目標錯誤輔音所需時長比較,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(H=43.897,P0.001)。結(jié)論學齡后FAD患者輔音的語音特點主要表現(xiàn)為舌尖音異常;輔音錯誤類型主要為扭曲、置換、脫落和側(cè)化;不同發(fā)育階段患者,各有其特異性表現(xiàn);年齡越大,語音矯正難度越大;應根據(jù)學齡后各發(fā)育階段FAD患者個性化的語音特點,實施針對性的語音訓練方法。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the phonological characteristics of the consonants in the patients with functional articulation disorders (fad), and to explore the methods of speech training for the patients with fad at different developmental stages after school age, so as to provide guidance and basis for clinical phonetic training. Methods from October 2015 to December 2016, 300 postschool fad patients, including 228 males and 72 females, who were admitted to the Department of phonological Therapy of the first affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, were collected. The ratio of males to females was 3.2: 1. The average age was (12.78 鹵5.79) years old. 300 patients were evaluated by computer speech Lab CSL (computer speech Lab CSL) according to the speech intelligibility test table of West China Oral Hospital, and the clinical characteristics of abnormal consonants were analyzed. According to the Chinese speech intelligibility test table, 80 patients who met the inclusion criteria were recorded before and after speech training, the speech clarity values were calculated before and after training, the effect of speech training was evaluated, and the statistical software SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical processing. The first is descriptive study, and the other is self-matched design. The effect of phonetic training on patients is tested by paired t test, and the test level is 偽 0.05. Results among the 300 patients with fad, there were 166 cases with 72 cases of Fad in middle school, 72 cases in adolescence and 62 cases in adulthood. The proportion of them was 55.3R 24.0% and 20.7% respectively, and the ratio of the three groups was 2.7: 1.2: 1. The abnormal consonants in each group were mainly abnormal after the tip of the tongue, the anterior tone of the tip of the tongue, the middle tone of the tip of the tongue, and the highest proportion of the errors in the tone of the back of the tongue, 90.3% of which were 90.3% and 93.4% and 93.5%, respectively, and the lowest proportion of the double lip sounds was 35.5and 13.9% and 9.7% respectively. The main types of consonant errors were replacement, shedding, distortion and lateralization. The proportion of replacement and abscission decreased with age, and the proportion of replacement and abscission was the highest in school age (90.4% (150 / 166) and 58.4% (97 / 166), respectively. The proportion of distortion and lateralization increased in turn. The highest percentage of adults was 56.5% (35 / 62) and 40.3% (25 / 62) respectively. The highest percentage of errors in each group were as follows: 45.2% (75 / 166), 48.6% (35 / 72) and 35.5% (22 / 62), respectively. The phonetic articulation of 80 FAD patients increased from (48.69 鹵11.66) to (90.69 鹵3.14) after training. The difference was statistically significant (t = 29.489, P 0.001). Before and after speech training, the differences were statistically significant (t = 17.786 鹵17.692n 15.216p, P = 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.380), and the difference was statistically significant (H43.897P0.001), and the time required for mastering the wrong consonant was significant (H43.897P0.001). Conclusion the phonological features of consonants in school age FAD patients are mainly abnormal tongue tip, consonant error types are distortion, replacement, abscission and lateralization, the patients with different developmental stages have their own specific features, and the older the age, the more specific the consonants are. The more difficult the speech correction is, the more specific phonetic training methods should be carried out according to the individual phonological characteristics of the fad patients in each developmental stage after school age.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R767.92

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐麗娜;李峰;閔志云;高楠;胡明芳;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙塞音異�；颊叩恼Z音特點及訓練效果[J];聽力學及言語疾病雜志;2017年03期

2 徐麗娜;李峰;呂自愿;高楠;胡明芳;;成年功能性構(gòu)音障礙患者輔音錯誤類型及方式分析[J];聽力學及言語疾病雜志;2017年02期

3 徐麗娜;李峰;張艷云;高楠;胡明芳;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙患兒舌根音異常的語音特點和康復訓練[J];華西口腔醫(yī)學雜志;2016年06期

4 徐麗娜;李峰;高楠;張艷云;胡明芳;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙擦音異�；颊叩呐R床特征及語音治療[J];聽力學及言語疾病雜志;2016年06期

5 徐麗娜;李峰;高楠;張艷云;呂自愿;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙患者舌尖中音異常的語音特點及康復訓練[J];聽力學及言語疾病雜志;2016年04期

6 上官莉莉;趙亞茹;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙兒童抑制控制功能的研究[J];中華行為醫(yī)學與腦科學雜志;2016年06期

7 徐麗娜;李峰;胡明芳;高楠;呂自愿;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙患者側(cè)化構(gòu)音的語音特點及康復訓練[J];中國康復理論與實踐;2016年05期

8 呂自愿;李峰;高楠;;功能性構(gòu)音障礙患兒英語輔音發(fā)音障礙的特點及矯正[J];中華物理醫(yī)學與康復雜志;2016年04期

9 張文婧;陳仁吉;;173例功能性構(gòu)音障礙患者輔音錯誤特點分析[J];北京口腔醫(yī)學;2016年01期

10 高楠;李峰;呂自愿;徐麗娜;張艷云;;視覺反饋聯(lián)合觸覺反饋在腭裂術(shù)后患者語音訓練中的應用[J];鄭州大學學報(醫(yī)學版);2016年01期

，

本文編號：2053720