本文選題：耳聲發(fā)射　切入點(diǎn)：仿真電子耳蝸　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：耳聲發(fā)射現(xiàn)象及其臨床應(yīng)用是兒科研究的重要進(jìn)展,此種檢測(cè)手段可使用的人群范圍較廣,從新生兒的聽力篩選、到急救情況下成人的監(jiān)護(hù),適用于各年齡段的人群。從2010年開始,國家制定法律,強(qiáng)制要求新生兒必須于48小時(shí)內(nèi)進(jìn)行耳聲發(fā)射的聽力檢測(cè)。 耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)已經(jīng)成為國內(nèi)外臨床上廣泛用于的檢測(cè)聽力的方法。但是,耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)儀器的校準(zhǔn)始終是難題,只有針對(duì)耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)儀部分部件的校準(zhǔn)工作,至今未見報(bào)道耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)儀整體功能的相關(guān)解決方案。本論文設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)的耳聲發(fā)射仿真測(cè)試系統(tǒng),針對(duì)目前對(duì)耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)儀無校準(zhǔn)方案這一問題,能完成檢測(cè)耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)儀的功能。 本文的主要工作如下： (1)系統(tǒng)在硬件方面,采用TI公司的TMS320F2812作為核心芯片和系統(tǒng)的主控制器,將TLV320AIC23B這個(gè)高速高分辨率的音頻處理芯片,配合AD620高性能放大器芯片,實(shí)現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的主要信號(hào)處理模塊;系統(tǒng)采用鋰電池供電,采用便攜式儀器的省電供電方案,通過電池轉(zhuǎn)換芯片為系統(tǒng)各部件提供不同的工作電壓；系統(tǒng)還具有存儲(chǔ)功能,也能與計(jì)算機(jī)通信,還可直接連接打印機(jī)對(duì)測(cè)試結(jié)果進(jìn)行打印,直接提供檢測(cè)結(jié)果。 (2)系統(tǒng)在軟件方面,模擬現(xiàn)實(shí)情況,預(yù)置了覆蓋人耳耳聲發(fā)射信號(hào)頻率范圍的周期性信號(hào),用DSP實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)所需的發(fā)射信號(hào),對(duì)接收信號(hào)采用時(shí)域加窗避免耳聲發(fā)射信號(hào)潛伏期,采用相干平均的方法降低底噪的影響提高接收信號(hào)的信噪比。系統(tǒng)采用成熟的信號(hào)處理技術(shù)對(duì)聲音信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理,能獲得預(yù)期的結(jié)果。 (3)在測(cè)試環(huán)境方便,首先是模擬人耳耳道的環(huán)境,根據(jù)IEC-60318標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制作了2CC仿真耳耦合腔,完全模擬聲音的耳道內(nèi)的傳播環(huán)境,使系統(tǒng)的工作在仿真人耳道的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行；另外,采用雙層板結(jié)構(gòu)的方式制作了消音箱,從外至內(nèi)依次為不銹鋼板、聚酯胺吸聲棉、空氣夾層,不銹鋼板和聚氨酯吸聲棉,使其達(dá)到在室內(nèi)噪聲為40dBSPL時(shí),將消音箱內(nèi)的噪聲降低至35dBSPL左右的效果。 通過以上,完成了耳聲發(fā)射仿真測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與制作,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明本設(shè)計(jì)能夠有效的檢測(cè)和校準(zhǔn)耳聲發(fā)射檢測(cè)儀。
[Abstract]:Otoacoustic emission and its clinical application are important advances in pediatric research. This method can be used in a wide range of people, from neonatal hearing screening to adult care in emergency situations, suitable for all ages.Since 2010, the country has enacted laws that require newborns to undergo otoacoustic emission hearing tests within 48 hours.Otoacoustic emission (OAE) detection has become a widely used method for hearing detection in clinic at home and abroad.However, the calibration of otoacoustic emission testing instruments is always a difficult problem. Only for the calibration of some parts of the otoacoustic emission detector, there is no relevant solution to report the overall function of the otoacoustic emission detector.The otoacoustic emission simulation testing system designed and implemented in this paper can accomplish the function of the otoacoustic emission testing instrument, aiming at the problem that there is no calibration scheme for the otoacoustic emission detector at present.The main work of this paper is as follows:In the aspect of hardware, the TMS320F2812 of TI Company is used as the core chip and the main controller of the system. The TLV320AIC23B, which is a high speed and high resolution audio processing chip, is combined with the AD620 high performance amplifier chip to realize the main signal processing module of the system.The system uses lithium battery to supply power, adopts the power saving scheme of portable instrument, provides different working voltage for each part of the system through battery conversion chip, and also has the function of storage, and can also communicate with computer.Can also be directly connected to the printer to print the test results, directly provide the test results.In software, the system simulates the reality and presets the periodic signal covering the frequency range of the otoacoustic emission signal. The system uses DSP to realize the needed emission signal, and the time domain window is used to avoid the latent period of the otoacoustic emission signal, and the time domain window is used to avoid the latent period of the otoacoustic emission signal.The coherent averaging method is used to reduce the influence of background noise to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal.The system uses mature signal processing technology to process the sound signal, and the expected results are obtained.3) in the test environment, the first is to simulate the human ear canal environment. According to the IEC-60318 standard, the 2CC simulation ear coupling cavity is made to simulate the sound propagation environment in the ear canal completely, so that the system can work in the human ear canal environment; in addition, the system can be used to simulate the human ear canal.In this paper, a double layer panel structure is used to fabricate the sound suppression box. The order from outside to inside is stainless steel plate, polyester amine absorbent cotton, air interlayer, stainless steel plate and polyurethane sound absorber cotton, so that the sound absorption box can reach the range of indoor noise of 40dBSPL.Reduce the noise in the muffler box to the effect of 35dBSPL.Through the above, the design and manufacture of otoacoustic emission simulation testing system have been completed, and the expected effect has been achieved. The experimental results show that the design can effectively detect and calibrate the otoacoustic emission detector.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R764;TN912.2

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