本文選題：股骨骨折 + 單邊骨外固定器��； 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:通過測(cè)試單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器和傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器在股骨干短斜形骨折模型中軸向壓縮、水平扭轉(zhuǎn)、三點(diǎn)彎曲的生物力學(xué)特性,對(duì)比總結(jié)單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器生物力學(xué)特點(diǎn),為下一步臨床研究提供可靠的理論依據(jù)。方法:選取長度、髓腔直徑值相仿的成人防腐股骨標(biāo)本10根,經(jīng)大體觀察及X線片排除畸形、骨病等,剔除肌肉等軟組織。將同一具尸體左右側(cè)股骨標(biāo)本隨機(jī)分為單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器(實(shí)驗(yàn)組)、傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器(對(duì)照組)。人為造成股骨中上1/3段短斜形骨折,安裝骨外固定器,將已打上外固定架的股骨安裝在萬能試驗(yàn)機(jī)、扭轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)機(jī)、Zwick材料試驗(yàn)機(jī)上分別進(jìn)行軸向壓縮、水平扭轉(zhuǎn)、三點(diǎn)彎曲實(shí)驗(yàn);試驗(yàn)機(jī)電腦及采集圖像處理機(jī)記錄每次的實(shí)驗(yàn)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),并將收集到的數(shù)據(jù)輸入試驗(yàn)機(jī)自帶的計(jì)算機(jī)中,使用SPSS18.0軟件對(duì)所有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析,判定兩種內(nèi)固定物的力學(xué)特征,評(píng)價(jià)其意義。結(jié)果:1.載荷位移實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組之間通過計(jì)量資料的t檢驗(yàn)得到P均0.05,兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)沒有顯著差異,說明新型單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器在與AO骨外固定器在軸向穩(wěn)定性上沒有什么顯著差異,符合臨床應(yīng)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2.扭轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組之間通過兩組間計(jì)量資料的t檢驗(yàn)得到在扭力為10Nm、20Nm、30Nm時(shí),P0.05,試驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組沒有明顯差異,說明單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器在與AO骨外固定器在抗旋轉(zhuǎn)能力上沒有什么顯著差異,但是當(dāng)扭力為40Nm時(shí),對(duì)照組的牢穩(wěn)性優(yōu)于實(shí)驗(yàn)組,證明單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器在這時(shí)抗扭轉(zhuǎn)能力較傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器稍差,在扭力為40Nm時(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)組的扭轉(zhuǎn)角度增加的8.68%。3.載荷-彎曲位移實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組在100N、200N、400N之間通過計(jì)量資料兩組間t檢驗(yàn)得到P0.05,兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)沒有顯著差異,說明新型單邊多平面骨外固定器在與AO骨外固定器在側(cè)方及前后彎曲在以上力度下沒有顯著差異,但是在600N的情況下,對(duì)照組的穩(wěn)定性明顯優(yōu)于實(shí)驗(yàn)組,證明傳統(tǒng)AO骨外固定器在完全載重時(shí)抗彎曲能力較新型單邊骨外固定器較強(qiáng)。結(jié)論:1.單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器實(shí)現(xiàn)了穿針優(yōu)先,靈活空間的結(jié)構(gòu)。骨外固定裝置能對(duì)骨折實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象進(jìn)行對(duì)位對(duì)線解剖復(fù)位,提高了臨床操作上手度、方便治療期間的調(diào)整。2.單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器一倍體重下(600N)達(dá)到堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的軸向固定,具有良好穩(wěn)定的力學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu),在側(cè)彎應(yīng)力下由于采用“外向節(jié)”結(jié)構(gòu),多平面穿針后抵抗彎曲和扭轉(zhuǎn)的力量稍差,在2/3(400N)倍體重下仍可保持穩(wěn)定性。3.為了提高單邊多平面多軸可調(diào)式骨外固定器的穩(wěn)定性,還要繼續(xù)改進(jìn)其單邊結(jié)構(gòu),使其更加穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Objective: to test the biomechanical characteristics of unilateral multiplanar multiaxial adjustable external fixator and traditional AO external fixator in femoral shaft short oblique fracture model with axial compression horizontal torsion and three point bending.The biomechanical characteristics of single-sided multi-planar multi-axis adjustable external fixator were compared and summarized to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the next clinical study.Methods: ten adult antiseptic femur specimens of similar length and diameter of medullary cavity were selected. The soft tissue such as muscle and muscle were excluded by gross observation and X-ray film.The left and right femur specimens of the same cadaver were randomly divided into unilateral multiplanar multiaxial adjustable external fixator (experimental group) and traditional AO external fixator (control group).In order to cause the short oblique fracture in the middle and upper third of the femur, an external fixator was installed, and the femur which had been attached to the external fixator was installed in the universal testing machine. The torsion tester Zwick material testing machine carried out axial compression, horizontal torsion and three-point bending respectively.The computer and image processor record the relevant data of each experiment, and input the collected data into the computer of the testing machine, and use SPSS18.0 software to analyze all the data statistically.To determine the mechanical characteristics of two kinds of internal fixators and evaluate their significance.The result is 1: 1.There was no significant difference between the load displacement test group and the control group through the t test of the measurement data (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups in the experimental data.The results showed that there was no significant difference in axial stability between the new type of single sided multiplanar multiaxial adjustable external fixator and AO external fixator, which was in line with the clinical application standard. 2.In torsion test group and control group, when the torsion force was 10 Nm ~ 20 Nm ~ 30 Nm, there was no significant difference between the test group and the control group through the t test of measuring data between the two groups, and there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the anti-rotation ability between the unilateral multi-plane multi-axis adjustable external fixator and AO external fixator, but when the torque was 40Nm, the stability of the control group was better than that of the experimental group.The results showed that the anti-torsion ability of unilateral multi-plane and multi-axis adjustable external fixator was slightly worse than that of traditional AO external fixator. The torsion angle of experimental group increased by 8.68.3. when the torsion force was 40Nm.The load-bending displacement test group and the control group obtained P0.05 by t test in the range of 100Nm ~ 200Nm ~ 400N, and there was no significant difference in the experimental data between the two groups.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the lateral and anteroposterior bending of the new unilateral multi-plane external fixator and AO external fixator, but the stability of the control group was significantly better than that of the experimental group at 600N.It is proved that the traditional AO external fixator has stronger bending resistance than the new unilateral external fixator at full load.Conclusion 1.Single-sided multi-plane multi-axis adjustable external fixator realizes the structure of needle priority and flexible space.The external fixation device can be used for the anatomical reduction of the experimental object of fracture, which can improve the upper hand degree of clinical operation and facilitate the adjustment of .2. during the treatment period.Single side multiplane multiaxial adjustable external fixator with a single body weight of 600 Ns) achieves a strong axial fixation with a good and stable mechanical structure. Under lateral bending stress, due to the use of "extroversion" structure,The resistance to bending and torsion is slightly lower after the multiplanar needle piercing, and can remain stable at 2 / 3400 N) times the body weight. 3. 3.In order to improve the stability of single side multi-plane multi-axis adjustable external fixator, it is necessary to improve its single-sided structure and make it more stable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R683

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