本文關鍵詞： 腰椎 微創(chuàng) 動態(tài)內固定 研制 力學測試　出處：《南華大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目的研制一種新型的腰椎后路可經皮微創(chuàng)置入的動態(tài)內固定系統(tǒng),闡明其結構,原理及特點。并通過對該系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)內固定棒進行力學測試,對比堅強固定棒,探討其在下腰椎疾病中的臨床應用價值。方法1.腰椎后路經皮動態(tài)內固定棒的研制:提出新型動態(tài)內固定棒的設計思路,委托器械公司加工制造樣品。2.新型腰椎后路微創(chuàng)動態(tài)內固定棒與堅強內固定棒的力學測試比較:隨機抽取5根微創(chuàng)動態(tài)內固定棒與5根堅強固定棒作為受試對象,分組進行抗壓、拉伸、扭轉試驗(包括正轉與反轉)。由材料力學試驗機分別加載不同程度的負荷,記錄微創(chuàng)動態(tài)內固定棒與堅強內固定棒組在不同程度載荷下的抗壓程度、拉伸程度、扭轉程度,并繪制力變曲線,將數(shù)據輸入計算機處理分析,比較其差異。結果1.在抗壓試驗中,加載生理負荷范圍下,微創(chuàng)動態(tài)內固定棒的屈曲活動度為15°,較堅強固定棒活動度大,微創(chuàng)動態(tài)固定棒組與堅強固定棒組在屈曲活動度方面存在顯著差異,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。2.在拉伸試驗中,加載生理負荷范圍下,微創(chuàng)動態(tài)固定棒的位移活動度為0.48mm,較堅強固定棒活動度大,微創(chuàng)動態(tài)固定棒組與堅強固定棒組在伸展活動度方面存在顯著差異,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。3.在扭轉試驗中,加載生理負荷范圍下,微創(chuàng)動態(tài)固定棒的扭轉活動度為6.11°,較堅強固定棒活動度大,微創(chuàng)動態(tài)固定棒組與堅強固定棒組在扭轉活動度方面存在顯著差異,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。結論1.該系統(tǒng)的設計符合微創(chuàng)理念。2.該動態(tài)內固定系統(tǒng)具有良好的穩(wěn)定性,同時可部分保留固定節(jié)段的活動度,通過力學測試表明其抗壓、拉伸、扭轉活動度優(yōu)于堅強固定棒,符合動態(tài)固定的理念。
[Abstract]:Objective to develop a new dynamic internal fixation system with percutaneous minimally invasive posterior approach for lumbar vertebrae, and to clarify its structure, principle and characteristics. To explore the clinical application value of Lumbar vertebrae disease. Methods 1.The development of posterior lumbar vertebrae percutaneous dynamic internal fixation rod: a new design idea of dynamic internal fixation rod was put forward. The mechanical test of new lumbar spine posterior minimally invasive dynamic internal fixation rod and rigid internal fixation rod were compared: 5 dynamic internal fixation rods and 5 rigid internal fixation rods were randomly selected as subjects. The compression resistance, tension and torsion tests (including positive rotation and reverse rotation) were carried out in groups. Different degrees of load were loaded by the material mechanics test machine respectively, and the compressive resistance of the groups of micro-invasive dynamic internal fixation rods and strong internal fixation rods were recorded under different degrees of load. Tensile degree, torsion degree, and draw force change curve, input the data into computer processing analysis, compare its difference. 1. In the pressure test, under the range of physiological load, The flexion activity of the minimally invasive dynamic fixation rod was 15 擄, which was larger than that of the rigid one. There was a significant difference in the flexion activity between the minimally invasive dynamic fixation rod group and the strong fixed rod group, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). 2. In the tensile test, there was a significant difference between the two groups. In the range of physiological load, the displacement activity of the minimally invasive dynamic fixation rod was 0.48 mm, which was larger than that of the strong fixed rod group. There was significant difference in the stretching activity between the minimally invasive dynamic fixed rod group and the strong fixed rod group. In the torsion test, the torsional activity of the micro-invasive dynamic fixator was 6.11 擄, which was higher than that of the rigid one. There was significant difference in torsion activity between the minimally invasive dynamic fixed rod group and the strong fixed rod group, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Conclusion 1. The design of the system accords with the minimally invasive concept. 2. The dynamic internal fixation system has good stability. At the same time, the motion of the fixed segment can be partially retained. The mechanical tests show that the range of motion of the fixed segment is superior to that of the rigid fixed rod, and accords with the concept of dynamic fixation.
【學位授予單位】：南華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R687.3

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