海洋原位光學信號高精度定量測量方法研究及傳感器研制
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-13 14:41
【摘要】：海洋原位傳感器是人類感知海洋的觸角,是海底觀測網的重要組成部分,對人類了解海洋認識海洋具有重要意義。原位光學傳感器具有檢測精度高、探頭不易污染、穩(wěn)定性高的優(yōu)點而成為海洋原位監(jiān)測儀器的主流。在惡劣的海洋原位環(huán)境下,海洋原位傳感器的性能不僅在于傳感器本體的測量靈敏度,更在于系統(tǒng)抗干擾能力。論文研究圍繞傳感器測量靈敏度與系統(tǒng)抗干擾能力這一對相輔相成而又互相制約的矛盾展開研究,尋求最優(yōu)平衡。論文提出了微弱光學信號測量模型,在此基礎上對海洋原位葉綠素a傳感器、原位濁度傳感器和原位CDOM(Colored Dissolved Organic Matter, CDOM,有色溶解有機物)傳感器展開研究。 論文的主要研究內容和創(chuàng)新點包括： 1.建立了原位光學傳感器的微弱光學信號測量模型,從電子測量的角度將原位葉綠素a檢測、原位濁度檢測和原位CDOM檢測統(tǒng)一,研究了調制序列、干擾和噪聲之間的關系；解決了微弱光學信號測量的光路、結構、精密檢測等傳感器設計關鍵問題,研制了基于單頻調制方案的微弱光學信號系列傳感器,實現(xiàn)了陽光背景干擾下微弱光學信號的高精度檢測。實驗結果表明,基于單頻調制系統(tǒng)的原位葉綠素a傳感器測量靈敏度達到0.0081μg/L,線性度R2=0.9985,優(yōu)于Seapoint、Wetlabs公司同類產品。 2.提出了帶寬約束條件下基于偽隨機序列的微弱光學信號測量方法及最小頻譜幅值損失指標eN,優(yōu)化了在有限帶寬下m序列長度與測量精度的關系,提高了測量系統(tǒng)對窄帶干擾的抑制能力。實驗結果表明,偽隨機序列在碼長15bits和31bits時有最小系統(tǒng)測量噪聲,碼長31bits時比傳統(tǒng)單頻調制抗干擾能力提高了2.3倍。 3.應用有限帶寬下偽隨機序列調制測量的優(yōu)化結果,設計了原位葉綠素a傳感器、原位濁度傳感器、原位CDOM傳感器,采用碼長為31bits的m序列調制,其靈敏度分別為:0.0103μg/L(葉綠素a標定)、0.0078FTU(福爾馬肼標定)、0.137μg/L(硫酸奎寧標定)。 4.論文研制的原位葉綠素a傳感器和原位濁度傳感器應用于南海浮標長期觀測實驗,原位濁度傳感器完成了“蛟龍?zhí)枴鄙顫撈飨聺搶嶒?儀器工作正常,初步驗證了傳感器具有較高的測量精度、抗干擾能力和可靠性。 論文研究解決了在復雜強干擾環(huán)境下徽弱信號的精確定量測量問題,提出了一種新型的微弱信號檢測抗干擾方法,實現(xiàn)了在不增加硬件成本的基礎上傳感器抗干擾能力的提高。該研究具有重要的科學意義和實際應用價值。
[Abstract]:Ocean in situ sensor is an important component of ocean bottom observation network, which is important for people to understand the ocean and understand the ocean. The in situ optical sensor has become the mainstream of marine in situ monitoring instrument because of its advantages of high detection precision, low contamination of probe and high stability. In the harsh marine in situ environment, the performance of ocean in situ sensor lies not only in the sensitivity of the sensor body, but also in the anti-interference ability of the system. This paper focuses on the contradiction between sensor sensitivity and system anti-jamming ability, which is a pair of complementary and mutually restricted contradictions, in order to find the best balance. In this paper, a weak optical signal measurement model is proposed. Based on this model, the ocean in situ chlorophyll a sensor, in situ turbidimetric sensor and in situ CDOM (Colored Dissolved Organic Matter, CDOM, colored dissolved organic matter sensor are studied. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. The weak optical signal measurement model of in situ optical sensor is established. The in situ chlorophyll a detection, in situ turbidity detection and in situ CDOM detection are unified from the point of view of electronic measurement. The relationship among modulation sequence, interference and noise is studied. The key problems of optical circuit, structure and precision detection for weak optical signal measurement are solved. A series of weak optical signal sensors based on single frequency modulation scheme are developed. The high precision detection of weak optical signal under the interference of sunlight background is realized. The experimental results show that the in situ chlorophyll a sensor based on single frequency modulation system has a sensitivity of 0.0081 渭 g / L and a linearity of 0.9985, which is superior to the similar products of Seapoint,Wetlabs. 2. The measurement method of weak optical signal based on pseudorandom sequence under bandwidth constraint and the minimum spectrum amplitude loss index (eN,) are proposed. The relationship between m sequence length and measurement accuracy is optimized under limited bandwidth. The ability of the measurement system to suppress narrowband interference is improved. The experimental results show that the pseudorandom sequence has the smallest system measurement noise in code length 15bits and 31bits, and the anti-jamming ability of code length 31bits is 2.3 times higher than that of traditional single-frequency modulation. 3. Based on the optimized results of pseudorandom sequence modulation measurement with limited bandwidth, an in situ chlorophyll a sensor, an in situ turbidimetric sensor and an in situ CDOM sensor are designed. The m sequence modulation with code length 31bits is used. The sensitivities were 0.0103 渭 g / L (chlorophyll a calibration), 0.0078FTU (Formalhydrazine calibration) and 0.137 渭 g / L (quinine sulfate calibration). 4. The in situ chlorophyll a sensor and the in situ turbidity sensor developed in this paper have been applied to the long term observation experiment of the South China Sea buoy. The in situ turbidity sensor has completed the dive experiment of Jiaolong deep submersible, and the instrument works normally. The sensor has high measuring precision, anti-interference ability and reliability. In this paper, the problem of accurate quantitative measurement of weak signal in complex and strong interference environment is solved, and a new anti-jamming method for weak signal detection is proposed, which can improve the anti-jamming ability of sensor without increasing the cost of hardware. This research has important scientific significance and practical application value.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R318.6
本文編號：2329466
[Abstract]:Ocean in situ sensor is an important component of ocean bottom observation network, which is important for people to understand the ocean and understand the ocean. The in situ optical sensor has become the mainstream of marine in situ monitoring instrument because of its advantages of high detection precision, low contamination of probe and high stability. In the harsh marine in situ environment, the performance of ocean in situ sensor lies not only in the sensitivity of the sensor body, but also in the anti-interference ability of the system. This paper focuses on the contradiction between sensor sensitivity and system anti-jamming ability, which is a pair of complementary and mutually restricted contradictions, in order to find the best balance. In this paper, a weak optical signal measurement model is proposed. Based on this model, the ocean in situ chlorophyll a sensor, in situ turbidimetric sensor and in situ CDOM (Colored Dissolved Organic Matter, CDOM, colored dissolved organic matter sensor are studied. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: 1. The weak optical signal measurement model of in situ optical sensor is established. The in situ chlorophyll a detection, in situ turbidity detection and in situ CDOM detection are unified from the point of view of electronic measurement. The relationship among modulation sequence, interference and noise is studied. The key problems of optical circuit, structure and precision detection for weak optical signal measurement are solved. A series of weak optical signal sensors based on single frequency modulation scheme are developed. The high precision detection of weak optical signal under the interference of sunlight background is realized. The experimental results show that the in situ chlorophyll a sensor based on single frequency modulation system has a sensitivity of 0.0081 渭 g / L and a linearity of 0.9985, which is superior to the similar products of Seapoint,Wetlabs. 2. The measurement method of weak optical signal based on pseudorandom sequence under bandwidth constraint and the minimum spectrum amplitude loss index (eN,) are proposed. The relationship between m sequence length and measurement accuracy is optimized under limited bandwidth. The ability of the measurement system to suppress narrowband interference is improved. The experimental results show that the pseudorandom sequence has the smallest system measurement noise in code length 15bits and 31bits, and the anti-jamming ability of code length 31bits is 2.3 times higher than that of traditional single-frequency modulation. 3. Based on the optimized results of pseudorandom sequence modulation measurement with limited bandwidth, an in situ chlorophyll a sensor, an in situ turbidimetric sensor and an in situ CDOM sensor are designed. The m sequence modulation with code length 31bits is used. The sensitivities were 0.0103 渭 g / L (chlorophyll a calibration), 0.0078FTU (Formalhydrazine calibration) and 0.137 渭 g / L (quinine sulfate calibration). 4. The in situ chlorophyll a sensor and the in situ turbidity sensor developed in this paper have been applied to the long term observation experiment of the South China Sea buoy. The in situ turbidity sensor has completed the dive experiment of Jiaolong deep submersible, and the instrument works normally. The sensor has high measuring precision, anti-interference ability and reliability. In this paper, the problem of accurate quantitative measurement of weak signal in complex and strong interference environment is solved, and a new anti-jamming method for weak signal detection is proposed, which can improve the anti-jamming ability of sensor without increasing the cost of hardware. This research has important scientific significance and practical application value.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R318.6
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