【摘要】：生物傳熱學(xué)是生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程中的一個(gè)重要分支，生物組織的熱物參數(shù)的準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量對(duì)于正確理解生理學(xué)和病理學(xué)的現(xiàn)象，，對(duì)于構(gòu)建生物體的傳熱模型有著重要的作用。在電外科血管閉合中，熱量會(huì)沿著血管向組織方向傳播，如果不加以控制，會(huì)對(duì)周圍的組織和神經(jīng)造成不可恢復(fù)的損傷。但目前關(guān)于生物血管的熱物參數(shù)的研究還比較少，還不足以支撐血管閉合設(shè)備的開(kāi)發(fā)和血管焊接溫度的精確控制，因此對(duì)于血管熱物參數(shù)的研究就顯得十分必要。 文中首先介紹了穩(wěn)態(tài)傳熱的基本概念，并在第二類邊界條件下利用熱阻的概念求解了穩(wěn)態(tài)下平板和球殼的導(dǎo)熱方程。在此基礎(chǔ)上選擇了采用平板法和單探針?lè)▽?duì)生物血管的熱參數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)量。平板法適用于測(cè)量整塊組織的熱物性參數(shù)，而探針?lè)ǹ梢杂糜跍y(cè)量局部生物組織的熱物性參數(shù)。并對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的處理方法做出了改進(jìn)。 本文采用微型熱敏電阻作為測(cè)溫元件，并利用單片機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)了溫度采集系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)溫度信號(hào)的采集，編制了單片機(jī)控制程序及將采集的信號(hào)通過(guò)串口通信傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C(jī)的程序。 進(jìn)行了生物組織熱物參數(shù)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，使用已知熱參數(shù)的材料進(jìn)行裝置測(cè)量曲線的標(biāo)定，之后對(duì)豬的主動(dòng)脈血管的熱傳導(dǎo)率和熱擴(kuò)散率進(jìn)行了測(cè)量，使用平板法測(cè)得其熱傳導(dǎo)率為0.415W/mk；而使用單探針?lè)y(cè)量的得到的熱傳導(dǎo)率為0.495W/mk，兩種方法之間的差別可能是由于測(cè)量過(guò)程中組織的含水量和實(shí)驗(yàn)條件不同造成的。在不同溫度下對(duì)血管的熱傳導(dǎo)率進(jìn)行了測(cè)量，發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著溫度的升高血管的熱傳導(dǎo)率會(huì)隨之小幅度增大，但組織的含水量下降時(shí)，熱傳導(dǎo)率下降非常明顯。
[Abstract]:Bio-heat transfer is an important branch of biomedical engineering. The accurate measurement of thermal material parameters of biological tissue plays an important role in understanding the physiological and pathological phenomena correctly and in constructing the heat transfer model of organism. In electrosurgical vascular closure, heat is transmitted along the vessel to the tissue, which, if not controlled, can cause irreparable damage to the surrounding tissues and nerves. However, there are few researches on the thermal parameters of biological blood vessels, which are not enough to support the development of blood vessel closure equipment and the accurate control of blood vessel welding temperature, so it is very necessary to study the heat material parameters of blood vessels. In this paper, the basic concept of steady-state heat transfer is introduced, and the heat conduction equations of plate and spherical shell under the second kind of boundary condition are solved by the concept of thermal resistance. On this basis, the thermal parameters of biological blood vessels were measured by plate method and single probe method. The plate method can be used to measure the thermo-physical parameters of whole tissue, while the probe method can be used to measure the thermo-physical parameters of local biological tissue. The processing method of experimental data is improved. In this paper, the micro thermistor is used as the temperature measuring element, and the temperature acquisition system is designed by using the single chip microcomputer to collect the temperature signal. The control program of the single chip microcomputer and the program of transmitting the collected signal to the upper computer through the serial port communication are worked out. The experimental study on the thermal parameters of biological tissue was carried out, and the measurement curve was calibrated by using the material with known thermal parameters. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of porcine aortic vessels were measured. The thermal conductivity measured by plate method is 0.415W / mkand that by single probe method is 0.495W / mk. the difference between the two methods may be due to the difference between the water content of the tissue and the experimental conditions. The thermal conductivity of blood vessels was measured at different temperatures. It was found that the thermal conductivity of blood vessels would increase slightly with the increase of temperature, but when the water content of the tissue decreased, the heat conductivity would decrease obviously.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R318.03

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