本文選題：功能電刺激 + 表面電極陣列��； 參考：《華中科技大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：功能性電刺激(Functional Electrical Stimulation，F(xiàn)ES)是指利用低頻電流脈沖刺激患者的一組或者多組的失去神經(jīng)控制的肌肉，使其收縮或者舒張，用以替代部分受損神經(jīng)或者模擬正常的肌肉自主運動，使其重建喪失的功能和修復(fù)受損功能。表面式電刺激是功能性電刺激的一種，具有使用方便簡單、可避免外科手術(shù)等優(yōu)點。目前，常見的表面式電刺激器的通道數(shù)多為單通道或雙通道，部分產(chǎn)品為四或八通道。表面陣列電極（surface array electrodes）是近年由電極陣列發(fā)展而來的一種新的表面式電刺激技術(shù)，在改進刺激選擇性和控制能力方面具有優(yōu)越性能。多通道電刺激器是功能性電刺激和表面陣列電極研究的實驗平臺，能為為研究刺激選擇性、優(yōu)化刺激參數(shù)等提供設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)。因此，多通道刺激器的研究對于探索功能康復(fù)新療法具有重要的意義，能極大促進工程技術(shù)、醫(yī)學研究及臨床康復(fù)的互動。本課題研制一種應(yīng)用于表面陣列電極的多通道電刺激器，能同時輸出多達24路刺激信號。 本文在功能性電刺激的電生理原理和上一代刺激器的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計多通道便攜式刺激器。該刺激器以通用IO口的C8051F020為控制核心，能對二十四路輸出通道進行獨立控制，每個通道的刺激脈沖參數(shù)和波形單獨可調(diào)。整個系統(tǒng)采用液晶屏和薄膜鍵盤作為人機交互接口，界面友好，，操作方便。系統(tǒng)的硬件分為MCU控制器、隔離電源模塊、數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器、幅值計算和放大電路、人機界面五個部分。MCU控制器作為核心部件，將刺激脈沖幅值編碼寫入數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換模塊，輸出有極性低電壓刺激波形，在經(jīng)過幅值轉(zhuǎn)換和放大電路，形成無極性高電壓的最終刺激波形，和表面電極連接，用于人體康復(fù)。而高性能的隔離電源的使用使得整個刺激器在醫(yī)用設(shè)備的安全性上大為提升。刺激器使用Silicon Labs軟件為開發(fā)界面，通過軟件控制數(shù)模轉(zhuǎn)換器和各個硬件模塊的協(xié)同工作，得到目標波形。刺激器小巧輕便，加強了便攜性。 設(shè)計完成后，對刺激器進行了基本的性能測試。刺激脈沖幅值0~+15V可調(diào)，刺激頻率為28.1Hz，刺激相脈沖為300μs，負載能力滿足要求，達到設(shè)計要求。刺激器后期可以和陣列電極的優(yōu)化仿真結(jié)合，用于動物和人體實驗。
[Abstract]:Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) refers to the use of low frequency current pulses to stimulate a group of patients with a group or group of muscles that have lost control of the nerve and make them contractive or diastolic to replace partially damaged nerves or to simulate normal muscle autonomy to reconstruct the lost function and repair the damaged function. Surface electrical stimulation is a kind of functional electrical stimulation, which has the advantages of easy to use and easy to avoid surgery. At present, the number of common surface electric stimulators is a single channel or double channel, and some products are four or eight channels. The surface array electrode (surface array electrodes) is a kind of electrode array developed in recent years. The new surface electrical stimulation technology has excellent performance in improving the selectivity and control ability. The multi-channel electric stimulator is the experimental platform for the functional electrical stimulation and the surface array electrode research. It can provide the basis for the study of the stimulus selectivity and the optimization of the stimulus parameters. Therefore, the research of the multi-channel stimulator is explored. The functional rehabilitation therapy is of great significance. It can greatly promote the interaction of engineering, medical research and clinical rehabilitation. This topic develops a multi channel electrical stimulator applied to the surface array electrode, which can output up to 24 stimulus signals simultaneously.
On the basis of the electrophysiological principle of functional electrical stimulation and the last generation of stimulator, this paper designs a multi-channel portable stimulator. The stimulator takes the C8051F020 of the general IO port as the control core and can control the twenty-four channel output channels independently. The impulse parameters and waveforms of each channel are adjustable separately. The whole system uses a liquid crystal screen. The system's hardware is divided into MCU controller, isolation power module, digital to analog converter, digital analog converter, amplitude calculation and amplification circuit, five parts.MCU controller of man-machine interface as the core component, and the stimulation pulse amplitude coding is written into the digital module conversion module, and the output has polar low voltage spines. Shock wave form, through the amplitude conversion and amplification circuit, form the ultimate stimulation waveform with high voltage without polarity and high voltage, which is connected with the surface electrode for human recovery. The use of high performance isolation power makes the whole stimulator greatly improve the safety of medical equipment. The stimulator makes Silicon Labs software development interface, through software control. The DMU and the hardware modules work together to get the target waveform. The stimulator is compact and portable, and enhances portability.
After the design is completed, the basic performance test of the stimulator is carried out. The stimulation pulse amplitude 0~+15V can be adjusted, the stimulation frequency is 28.1Hz, the stimulation phase pulse is 300 mu s, the load capacity meets the requirement, and the design requirements are met. The late stimulator can be combined with the optimization simulation of the array electrode in the later period of the stimulator, which is used in the animal and human experiments.

【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R318.1

【參考文獻】

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1 呂慶U

本文編號：1826644