本文選題：香菇多糖　切入點(diǎn)：溶菌酶　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：生物醫(yī)用高分子材料是一類用來(lái)對(duì)生物體進(jìn)行診斷、治療或恢復(fù)損壞組織器官功能的高分子材料,近年來(lái),可謂異軍突起,成為發(fā)展最快的生物材料之一,對(duì)人類身體健康和社會(huì)發(fā)展具有越來(lái)越重要的影響。 對(duì)于生物醫(yī)用高分子材料而言,材料的生物性能不僅受到其自身性質(zhì)的影響,而且在相當(dāng)大的程度上還取決于材料表面的化學(xué)性質(zhì)與物理性質(zhì)。因此,為了改善材料的生物相容性能,對(duì)其表面進(jìn)行一定的修飾是十分必要的。本研究首先從香菇子實(shí)體中提取香菇多糖,然后對(duì)其進(jìn)行不同的衍生化修飾,最后采用不同的方法將香菇多糖衍生物以及其他生物大分子固定到聚乳酸生物材料表面,并對(duì)被修飾材料的表面性能和生物性能進(jìn)行了表征和分析,具體如下： 研究了采用化學(xué)接枝方法利用共價(jià)鍵將羧甲基香菇多糖固定在氨基化聚乳酸基材表面,得到羧甲基香菇多糖化學(xué)接枝修飾的聚乳酸材料。此外,通過(guò)在氨基化聚乳酸基材表面進(jìn)行羧甲基香菇多糖與殼聚糖的層層自組裝,得到生物多糖層層自組裝修飾的聚乳酸材料。采用掃描電子顯微鏡、水接觸角測(cè)量?jī)x、抗菌活性測(cè)試、溶血試驗(yàn)和血栓試驗(yàn)等方法對(duì)被修飾聚乳酸材料的表面性能和生物性能進(jìn)行了分析和比較。結(jié)果表明采用兩種表面修飾方法得到的羧甲基香菇多糖修飾的聚乳酸材料的親水性、血液相容性以及對(duì)大腸桿菌抗菌活性得到改善。與化學(xué)接枝方法相比,經(jīng)過(guò)羧甲基香菇多糖與殼聚糖層層自組裝修飾的聚乳酸材料具有更好的親水性、血液相容性和抗菌活性。 研究了采用層層自組裝技術(shù)將溶菌酶和香菇多糖硫酸酯固定到氨基化聚乳酸基材表面。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,表面修飾后的聚乳酸材料親水性得到了改善；血小板粘附測(cè)試和溶血試驗(yàn)說(shuō)明,被修飾材料具有了良好的血液相容性能,其表面血小板粘附數(shù)量相比未修飾材料有了明顯減少,溶血率也有所降低；抗菌活性測(cè)試表明,修飾后的聚乳酸材料對(duì)大腸桿菌和金黃色葡萄球菌顯示出了良好的抑制效果,其抑菌率分別提高了41.7%和67.8%。 本研究選擇具有生物活性的香菇多糖衍生物以及特殊抗菌性能的溶菌酶作為表面修飾醫(yī)用高分子材料的活性物質(zhì),通過(guò)不同的方法對(duì)材料的表面微觀結(jié)構(gòu)以及化學(xué)組成進(jìn)行改性,從而賦予被修飾材料溶菌酶以及香菇多糖衍生物所具有的特殊生物活性。本研究也將為制備生物活性大分子(如,生物多糖、蛋自質(zhì)和酶)表面修飾的醫(yī)用高分子材料提供一種新的思路。
[Abstract]:Biomedical polymer material is a kind of polymer material used to diagnose, treat or restore the function of damaged tissues and organs. In recent years, it has become one of the fastest-growing biomaterials. It has more and more important influence on human health and social development. For biomedical polymer materials, their biological properties are affected not only by their own properties, but also by the chemical and physical properties of their surfaces to a considerable extent. In order to improve the biocompatibility of the material, it is necessary to modify its surface. In this study, lentinan was extracted from the fruiting body of Lentinus edodes and then modified with different derivatives. Finally, Lentinan derivatives and other biological macromolecules were immobilized on the surface of polylactic acid biomaterials by different methods, and the surface and biological properties of the modified materials were characterized and analyzed, as follows:. The chemical grafting method was used to immobilize carboxymethyl lentinan onto the surface of amino polylactic acid base material by covalent bond, and the modified polylactic acid material was obtained by chemical grafting of carboxymethyl lentinan. A layer by layer self-assembly of carboxymethyl lentinan and chitosan was carried out on the surface of amino polylactic acid substrate to obtain the self-assembled and modified polylactic acid material with biological polysaccharides, which was modified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and water contact angle measuring instrument. Antimicrobial activity test, The surface and biological properties of the modified polylactic acid materials were analyzed and compared by hemolysis test and thrombus test. The results showed that the hydrophilic properties of the modified poly (lactic acid) materials modified by carboxymethyl lentinan were obtained by two surface modification methods. Compared with the chemical grafting method, the modified poly (lactic acid) material modified by layers of carboxymethyl lentinan and chitosan had better hydrophilicity, blood compatibility and antibacterial activity. The layer by layer self-assembly technique was used to immobilize lysozyme and lentinan sulfate onto the surface of amino polylactic acid substrate. The results showed that the hydrophilicity of the modified PLA material was improved. Platelet adhesion test and hemolysis test showed that the modified material had good blood compatibility, the platelet adhesion number on the surface of the modified material was significantly lower than that of the unmodified material, the hemolysis rate was also decreased, and the antibacterial activity test showed that, The modified poly (lactic acid) showed a good inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and its bacteriostatic rate increased by 41.7% and 67.8%, respectively. In this study, bioactive shiitake mushroom polysaccharide derivatives and lysozyme with special antibacterial properties were selected as active substances for surface modification of medical polymeric materials. The surface microstructure and chemical composition of the material were modified by different methods. So that the modified material lysozyme and lentinan derivatives have special biological activities. This study will also be used for the preparation of bioactive macromolecules (for example, biopolysaccharide, Lentinus edodes, Lentinus edodes). The surface modification of egg and enzyme provides a new idea for medical polymer materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R318.08

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