本文選題：醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：康復(fù)訓(xùn)練　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：基于機(jī)器視覺的標(biāo)記檢測(cè)方法在工業(yè)控制、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、國防建設(shè)等領(lǐng)域內(nèi)都有廣泛的應(yīng)用，，但在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用相對(duì)比較少。針對(duì)目前醫(yī)用體外沖擊波碎石機(jī)在對(duì)腎臟結(jié)石患者進(jìn)行結(jié)石定位過程中需要全程開啟X射線對(duì)結(jié)石進(jìn)行成像定位，會(huì)對(duì)病患和醫(yī)護(hù)人員造成不必要的X射線的輻射的現(xiàn)狀，以及中風(fēng)病人康復(fù)訓(xùn)練方式缺乏自主性和趣味性等問題，利用機(jī)器視覺的原理，開發(fā)并設(shè)計(jì)了一套能夠減少X射線輻射的沖擊波碎石機(jī)輔助定位系統(tǒng)和通過游戲方式輔助中風(fēng)病人進(jìn)行康復(fù)訓(xùn)練的人機(jī)交互系統(tǒng)。 在沖擊波碎石機(jī)輔助定位系統(tǒng)中，采用大小相同且相鄰的矩形格子作為標(biāo)記，并使用Lucas-Kanade光流法檢測(cè)標(biāo)記上的角點(diǎn)，通過角點(diǎn)檢測(cè)、角點(diǎn)跟蹤和運(yùn)動(dòng)補(bǔ)償?shù)燃夹g(shù)，將對(duì)結(jié)石的定位問題轉(zhuǎn)化為標(biāo)記的運(yùn)動(dòng)跟蹤的問題，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)結(jié)石的輔助定位功能。在中風(fēng)病人康復(fù)治療系統(tǒng)中，采用LED燈產(chǎn)生的光斑作為標(biāo)記，通過閾值分割、質(zhì)心提取的方法檢測(cè)標(biāo)記，該系統(tǒng)通過標(biāo)記跟蹤患肢的運(yùn)動(dòng)，使患肢能夠進(jìn)行康復(fù)訓(xùn)練，針對(duì)上下肢的康復(fù)訓(xùn)練，分別設(shè)計(jì)了單人足球游戲、乒乓球游戲和空氣曲棍球游戲。 通過臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)，沖擊波碎石機(jī)輔助定位系統(tǒng)能夠較準(zhǔn)確地實(shí)現(xiàn)輔助定位的功能，有效地減少了X射線輻射量；中風(fēng)病人康復(fù)治療系統(tǒng)能夠讓患者主動(dòng)地運(yùn)動(dòng)上下肢體進(jìn)行康復(fù)訓(xùn)練，增加了康復(fù)訓(xùn)練的樂趣。
[Abstract]:Marking detection methods based on machine vision have been widely used in industrial control, agricultural production, national defense construction and other fields. However, the application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor in the field of medical treatment is relatively few. In order to locate the stones in kidney stone patients with extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor, it is necessary to turn on X-ray to locate the stones in the whole process. Problems such as unnecessary X-ray radiation to patients and health care workers, lack of autonomy and interest in rehabilitation training for stroke patients, and the use of the principles of machine vision, An auxiliary locating system of shock wave lithotriptor which can reduce X-ray radiation and a man-machine interaction system which can assist stroke patients with rehabilitation training by game are developed and designed. In the auxiliary positioning system of shock wave lithotriptor, the rectangular lattice of the same size and adjacent size is used as the mark, and the corner point on the mark is detected by Lucas-Kanade optical flow method, and the corner detection, corner tracking and motion compensation are adopted. The problem of stone location is transformed into the problem of tagged motion tracking, and the auxiliary location function of stone is realized. In the rehabilitation treatment system of stroke patients, the spot produced by LED lamp is used as the mark, and the threshold value is used to segment the stone. The method of centroid extraction is used to detect the marks. The system tracks the movement of the affected limbs through the markers, so that the affected limbs can be rehabilitated. For the rehabilitation training of the upper and lower limbs, the single player football game, the table tennis game and the air hockey game are designed respectively. Through clinical experiments, the auxiliary positioning system of shock wave lithotriptor can realize the function of auxiliary positioning more accurately, and effectively reduce the amount of X-ray radiation. The rehabilitation system for stroke patients enables them to exercise their upper and lower limbs actively, thus increasing the fun of rehabilitation training.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R319;TP391.41

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