本文關(guān)鍵詞： 正電子發(fā)射計算機斷層掃描(PET) 數(shù)據(jù)插值 圖像重建 原始數(shù)據(jù) 硅基光電倍增管(SIPM)　出處：《河北大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：小動物正電子發(fā)射斷層(positron emission tomography, PET)成像實現(xiàn)了在活體上的分子水平顯像,是研究分子影像的尖端設備,正成為動物模型研究的強有力工具。PET設備在腫瘤及心腦血管疾病診斷、研究和新型藥物研發(fā)中具有重要作用及廣泛應用前景。PET探測器和電路設計是系統(tǒng)設計的重要組成部分,本文著重描述了探測器模塊、地址編碼及前端電路的設計和實現(xiàn)。 1.硅光電倍增管(SiPM,也稱為蓋革模式的雪崩二極管)可以很好地兼容核磁共振成像(MRI),并且具有和光電倍增管媲美的增益和時間特性,是一種非常有前景的可以作為PET和PET/MRI的探測器的半導體光電傳感器。在本文綜述了硅基光電倍增管相比傳統(tǒng)的光電倍增管的優(yōu)勢,同時對基于硅基光電倍增管的小動物PET的發(fā)展趨勢進行了討論。 2.正電子發(fā)射斷層成像設備探測器采集到的數(shù)據(jù)需要進行數(shù)據(jù)處理,把原始數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成正弦圖形式的數(shù)據(jù)才能被用于圖像重建。平行束斷層重建和扇形束圖像重建是圖像重建的兩種方法,分別對應平行束和扇形束形式的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法。對原始數(shù)據(jù)的操作不可避免的破壞了原始數(shù)據(jù)的完整性。現(xiàn)今,正電子發(fā)射斷層設備在重建過程中普遍采用平行束重建的方法。平行束的數(shù)據(jù)分離會對PET數(shù)據(jù)進行插值操作,扇形束的數(shù)據(jù)分離不會對PET數(shù)據(jù)進行插值操作。本文通過對比平行束圖像重建和扇形束圖像重建結(jié)果,研究了數(shù)據(jù)插值對PET圖像重建結(jié)果的影響。 3.我們在實現(xiàn)過程中使用了LYSO閃爍晶體耦合SiPM (Silicon Photomultiplier)光電探測器的探測器模塊結(jié)構(gòu)設計,探測器系統(tǒng)由27個探測器模塊排列成圓環(huán)狀,有8個斷層。為了滿足小動物PET對分辨率的高要求,我們在探測器結(jié)構(gòu)上采用了新的提高分辨率的技術(shù)。
[Abstract]:Positron emission tomography (pet) imaging in small animals, which realizes molecular level imaging in vivo, is a cutting-edge device for the study of molecular imaging and is becoming a powerful tool for animal model research. Pet equipment is being used in the diagnosis of tumors and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. PET detector and circuit design is an important part of system design. This paper mainly describes the design and implementation of detector module, address code and front-end circuit. 1. The silicon photomultiplier tube, SiPM-also known as an avalanche diode in the Geiger mode, is well compatible with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has gain and time characteristics comparable to those of the photomultiplier tube. Silicon based photomultiplier is a promising semiconductor photomultiplier that can be used as a detector for PET and PET/MRI. In this paper, the advantages of silicon based photomultiplier compared with traditional photomultiplier are reviewed. The development trend of small animal PET based on silicon based photomultiplier tube is also discussed. 2. The data collected by the detector of the positron emission tomography equipment need to be processed. Only when the original data is converted into sinusoidal image can it be used in image reconstruction. Parallel beam fault reconstruction and sector beam image reconstruction are two methods of image reconstruction. The operation of the raw data inevitably destroys the integrity of the original data. Parallel beam reconstruction is widely used in positron emission tomography equipment. Data separation of parallel beams interpolates PET data. The data separation of sector beam does not interpolate PET data. In this paper, the effect of data interpolation on PET image reconstruction is studied by comparing the results of parallel beam image reconstruction and sector beam image reconstruction. 3. We use LYSO scintillation crystal coupled SiPM silicon photomultiplier to design the detector module structure. The detector system is arranged into a circular ring by 27 detector modules. There are 8 faults. In order to meet the high resolution requirements of small animal PET, we have adopted a new technique to improve the resolution of the detector structure.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R318.6;TP391.41

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本文編號：1545149