本文選題：噪聲 + Morris水迷宮　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 噪聲對(duì)健康的損害可累及多個(gè)系統(tǒng),但對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響最為嚴(yán)重。本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了噪聲干擾對(duì)昆明小鼠(Mus musculus Km)空間性學(xué)習(xí)和記憶以及情緒性學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的影響,并對(duì)其機(jī)制進(jìn)行了初步探討。研究選用3周齡昆明小鼠80只,分為正常對(duì)照組和噪聲干擾組,其中噪聲干擾組每天不定期暴露于90 dB SPL的白噪聲2小時(shí)。噪聲干擾6周后通過(guò)Morris水迷宮和電跳臺(tái)法檢測(cè)動(dòng)物的學(xué)習(xí)和記憶能力。同時(shí)我們檢測(cè)了噪聲暴露后1周、3周和6周動(dòng)物顳皮層、海馬和下丘3個(gè)部位的超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛表達(dá)水平的變化,并采用5-溴脫氧尿嘧啶核苷標(biāo)記法觀察兩組動(dòng)物大腦新生神經(jīng)元數(shù)目的變化,用TUNEL法檢測(cè)大腦神經(jīng)元的凋亡情況,以期對(duì)其機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討。 研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)噪聲暴露早期動(dòng)物表現(xiàn)出焦慮、驚恐等癥狀,同時(shí)活動(dòng)量增大,后期動(dòng)物體重增長(zhǎng)緩慢,反應(yīng)遲鈍,活動(dòng)量減少。(2)行為學(xué)檢測(cè)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),在Morris水迷宮訓(xùn)練的第2天和第3天,噪聲組小鼠找到平臺(tái)的潛伏期明顯大于對(duì)照組(P＜0.05);電跳臺(tái)結(jié)果表明,第1天,兩組動(dòng)物的跳上潛伏期延長(zhǎng),錯(cuò)誤次數(shù)沒(méi)有明顯差異,第2天,噪聲組與對(duì)照組相比,跳上潛伏期延長(zhǎng),錯(cuò)誤次數(shù)增加(P＜0.01),說(shuō)明其情緒記憶受到了影響;(3)噪聲暴露1周、3周和6周后,動(dòng)物顳皮層、海馬和下丘部位的超氧化物歧化酶活性明顯高于對(duì)照組(P＜0.05);丙二醛含量增加(P＜0.05),且隨噪聲時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)下降;(4)噪聲暴露組海馬CA3區(qū)新生神經(jīng)元數(shù)目較正常組減少,凋亡神經(jīng)元數(shù)目增多。 以上結(jié)果表明:90 dB白噪聲暴露(2h/天)可導(dǎo)致昆明小鼠空間性學(xué)習(xí)記憶能力和情緒性記憶能力受損。噪聲干擾的前期可導(dǎo)致體內(nèi)過(guò)氧化反應(yīng)增強(qiáng),體內(nèi)氧化應(yīng)激代謝產(chǎn)物增加,同時(shí)體內(nèi)的抗氧化應(yīng)激的能力也增強(qiáng),使機(jī)體清除氧自由基的能力增強(qiáng)。噪聲干擾的晚期機(jī)體清除氧自由基的能力減弱,凋亡神經(jīng)元數(shù)目增加,同時(shí)小鼠海馬新生神經(jīng)元減少。
[Abstract]:Noise damage to health may involve multiple systems, but the most serious impact on the nervous system. The effects of noise interference on spatial learning and memory and emotional learning and memory in Kunming mice were studied and the mechanism was discussed. Eighty Kunming mice aged 3 weeks were divided into normal control group and noise interference group. The noise interference group was exposed to 90 dB SPL white noise for 2 hours every day. After 6 weeks of noise disturbance, the learning and memory abilities of animals were measured by Morris water maze and electric jump table method. At the same time, we measured the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) expression in temporal cortex, hippocampus and inferior colliculus of animals at 3 and 6 weeks after noise exposure. 5-bromodeoxyuridine labeling method was used to observe the number of neonate neurons in the brain of the two groups and Tunel method was used to detect the apoptosis of brain neurons in order to explore its mechanism. The results showed that the animals showed anxiety, panic and other symptoms in the early stage of noise exposure, but at the same time they increased their activities, but later they grew slowly, were slow to react, and their activities decreased. 2) Behavioral tests found that, On the 2nd and 3rd day of Morris water maze training, the latency of finding platform in the noise group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). On the second day, compared with the control group, the latency of jumping was prolonged and the number of errors increased (P < 0.01), which indicated that the emotional memory was affected by noise exposure for 1 week, 3 weeks and 6 weeks, the temporal cortex of the animals was exposed to noise. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in hippocampus and inferior colliculus was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05), and the content of malondialdehyde increased (P < 0.05), and decreased with the increase of noise time. The number of apoptotic neurons increased. The above results indicated that the spatial learning and memory ability and emotional memory ability of Kunming mice were impaired when exposed to 90 dB white noise for 2 h / day. The early stage of noise interference can lead to the increase of peroxidation in vivo, the increase of metabolites of oxidative stress in vivo, and the enhancement of the ability of anti-oxidative stress in vivo, so that the ability of scavenging oxygen free radicals can be enhanced. The ability of scavenging oxygen free radicals was decreased, the number of apoptotic neurons increased and the number of hippocampal neonate neurons decreased in the late stage of noise interference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：R363

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