本文選題：肌衛(wèi)星細胞　切入點：成肌細胞　出處：《中國協(xié)和醫(yī)科大學》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 骨骼肌組織起源于中胚層,成體骨骼肌組織由終末分化的多核肌纖維和幾種單個核細胞群組成,其中單個核細胞群體被認為是骨骼肌組織中處于原始分化狀態(tài)的干細胞。這些骨骼肌干細胞在體內多數(shù)情況下呈一種靜息狀態(tài),當肌肉受到各種損傷因素等刺激時被激活,大量增殖、融合,分化形成新的成熟的骨骼肌細胞,從而修復受損組織。這些細胞在體外培養(yǎng)基和營養(yǎng)因子的作用下,也可被激活并大量增殖,此時體外培養(yǎng)的激活的骨骼肌干細胞被稱為成肌細胞。 一些研究已經表明,骨骼肌干細胞同其他組織的干細胞同樣具有潛在的多向分化能力,它們除了向骨骼肌組織分化以外,還可在特定條件下多潛能分化形成中胚層來源的成骨組織、脂肪樣細胞、間質細胞,并可跨越胚層譜系的限制向神經外胚層轉化,從而可被用來做為細胞來源,進行神經系統(tǒng)疾病的移植治療。細胞來源,進行神經系統(tǒng)疾病的移植治療。 本研究通過聯(lián)合應用特殊培養(yǎng)基和細胞因子,體外誘導骨骼肌組織來源的干細胞(即成肌細胞)向神經外胚層的原始細胞-神經干細胞轉化,并進一步向神經元和膠質細胞分化;同時與成肌細胞系和非肌肉組織的細胞系進行比較,證明誘導條件對原代培養(yǎng)的成肌細胞具向神經外胚層的轉化具有特異性。實驗結果提示骨骼肌來源的干細胞有可能作為治療神經系統(tǒng)疾病尤其是神經退行性疾病的一種新的干細胞來源。
[Abstract]:Skeletal muscle tissue originates from mesoderm and adult skeletal muscle tissue is composed of terminally differentiated polynuclear muscle fibers and several mononuclear cell groups. The mononuclear cell population is thought to be the primary differentiated stem cell in skeletal muscle tissue. These skeletal muscle stem cells are in a resting state in most cases, activated when the muscle is stimulated by a variety of injury factors. They proliferate, fuse, and differentiate into new mature skeletal muscle cells that repair damaged tissue. These cells can also be activated and proliferated in vitro under the influence of nutrient factors. Activated skeletal muscle stem cells in vitro are called myoblasts. Some studies have shown that skeletal muscle stem cells have the same potential for multiple differentiation as stem cells from other tissues, in addition to differentiating into skeletal muscle tissues. They can also differentiate into mesoderm-derived osteoblasts, aliphatic cells, mesenchymal cells under certain conditions, and can be transformed to the neuroectodermal layer across the limits of the epiderm lineage, so that they can be used as a source of cells. Transplant treatment of nervous system diseases. Cell source, transplantation treatment of nervous system diseases. In this study, we used special culture medium and cytokines to induce the transformation of skeletal muscle derived stem cells (myoblasts) into neural stem cells (NSCs) in neuroectodermal layer. And further differentiated into neurons and glial cells, and compared with myoblasts and non-muscle cell lines, The results show that the induced conditions are specific to the transformation of primary cultured myoblasts into neuroectodermal layer. The results suggest that the stem cells derived from skeletal muscle may be used to treat nervous system diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. A new source of stem cells.
【學位授予單位】：中國協(xié)和醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R329

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相關期刊論文 前1條

1 郭雨霽,高英茂,邴魯軍;紋狀體組織塊誘導胚胎干細胞定向分化的實驗研究[J];山東大學學報(醫(yī)學版);2003年02期

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本文編號：1557037