經(jīng)食管超聲監(jiān)測(cè)對(duì)肝移植術(shù)中容量管理的指導(dǎo)意義
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-03-09 14:58
【摘要】:目的:經(jīng)食管超聲心動(dòng)圖(TEE)已廣泛應(yīng)用于心臟外科等大型復(fù)雜手術(shù)術(shù)中檢查、液體治療、重癥治療等醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域。在國(guó)內(nèi),尚未見(jiàn)其應(yīng)用于肝移植圍麻醉期的相關(guān)報(bào)道。本研究旨在通過(guò)經(jīng)食管超聲多普勒監(jiān)測(cè)指導(dǎo)肝移植患者術(shù)中容量管理,觀察其對(duì)于改善血流動(dòng)力學(xué)的臨床效應(yīng)。 方法:選擇我院肝移植病例60例,其中男45例,女15例,ASA Ⅱ~Ⅲ級(jí),肝功能Child-Pugh分級(jí)A或B級(jí),年齡32~64歲,體重54-93kg。隨機(jī)將其分為兩組,對(duì)照組30例,TEE監(jiān)測(cè)組30例。對(duì)照組以維持平均動(dòng)脈壓(MAP)、心率(HR)、中心靜脈壓(CVP)波動(dòng)范圍在基礎(chǔ)值的20%以?xún)?nèi),尿量在1ml/kg/h以上為補(bǔ)液原則。TEE監(jiān)測(cè)組按照Sinclair等的方法,根據(jù)食管超聲多普勒監(jiān)測(cè)儀監(jiān)測(cè)的糾正左室射血時(shí)間(LVETc)指導(dǎo)液體輸入,控制LVETc于0.35s-0.40s之間。當(dāng)LVETc小于0.35s時(shí)加快補(bǔ)液,當(dāng)LVETc大于0.40s時(shí)減慢或暫停補(bǔ)液。記錄切皮前即刻(T0)、手術(shù)開(kāi)始后60min(T1)、無(wú)肝期10min(T2)、門(mén)靜脈開(kāi)放后10min(T3)、門(mén)靜脈開(kāi)放后60min(T4)、術(shù)畢(T5)平均有創(chuàng)動(dòng)脈壓(MABP)平均肺動(dòng)脈壓(MPAP)、中心靜脈壓(CVP)、心輸出量(C0)。觀察并分別記錄患者術(shù)中輸血輸液量、尿量、心血管不良事件,包括血液動(dòng)力學(xué)負(fù)性波動(dòng)、心肌缺血。記錄術(shù)后ICU停留時(shí)間、術(shù)后不良事件發(fā)生情況包括肺水腫、心肌梗死、腎功能衰竭、認(rèn)知功能障礙、死亡等。 結(jié)果:兩組患者于無(wú)肝前期(T。、T1)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)(MABP, MPAP, CVP, CO)基本穩(wěn)定;于無(wú)肝期(T2)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)均明顯降低,提示兩種監(jiān)測(cè)手段均無(wú)法避免門(mén)靜脈及下腔靜脈阻斷所引起的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)波動(dòng)。對(duì)照組肝移植患者的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)在新肝期各個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(T3,T4,T5)均有明顯波動(dòng),相比于對(duì)照組,TEE監(jiān)測(cè)組新肝期各個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)血流動(dòng)力學(xué)指標(biāo)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,提示TEE指導(dǎo)容量管理可以改善肝移植術(shù)中劇烈的血流動(dòng)力學(xué)變化。TEE組與對(duì)照組晶體、膠體、紅細(xì)胞、血漿總輸注量無(wú)差異,出血量無(wú)差異,TEE組患者術(shù)畢尿量多于對(duì)照組,術(shù)中和術(shù)后心血管不良事件發(fā)生率均明顯低于對(duì)照組,術(shù)后脫機(jī)拔管時(shí)間與ICU停留時(shí)間TEE監(jiān)測(cè)組少于對(duì)照組,提示TEE監(jiān)測(cè)可以合理指導(dǎo)輸液輸血時(shí)機(jī),改善包括腎臟、心臟在內(nèi)的重要臟器灌注。 結(jié)論:通過(guò)食道超聲指導(dǎo)肝移植術(shù)中容量管理,可以實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)并準(zhǔn)確快速地判斷手術(shù)中循環(huán)血量的變化,能夠有效維持血流動(dòng)力學(xué)穩(wěn)定,及時(shí)調(diào)控液體及血制品輸注,降低液體負(fù)荷過(guò)重的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),保證充足的組織器官灌注,同時(shí)還可以很好的降低肝移植圍麻醉期不良事件發(fā)生率,減少術(shù)后拔管時(shí)間與ICU停留時(shí)間。
[Abstract]:Aim: transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been widely used in many medical fields, such as cardiac surgery, fluid therapy, severe treatment and so on. In China, it has not been reported that it is used in perioperative anaesthesia of liver transplantation. The purpose of this study was to observe the clinical effect of transesophageal Doppler flow imaging (EUS) on the improvement of hemodynamics in liver transplantation patients under the guidance of intraoperative volume management. Methods: 60 cases of liver transplantation in our hospital were selected, including 45 males and 15 females, ASA grade 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2437572
[Abstract]:Aim: transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has been widely used in many medical fields, such as cardiac surgery, fluid therapy, severe treatment and so on. In China, it has not been reported that it is used in perioperative anaesthesia of liver transplantation. The purpose of this study was to observe the clinical effect of transesophageal Doppler flow imaging (EUS) on the improvement of hemodynamics in liver transplantation patients under the guidance of intraoperative volume management. Methods: 60 cases of liver transplantation in our hospital were selected, including 45 males and 15 females, ASA grade 鈪,
本文編號(hào):2437572
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