超聲造影技術(shù)引導(dǎo)下經(jīng)皮腎穿刺應(yīng)用于經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石術(shù)的單中心初步經(jīng)驗(yàn)
本文選題:經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石術(shù) + 經(jīng)皮腎穿刺。 參考:《北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版)》2017年06期
【摘要】:目的:評(píng)估超聲造影引導(dǎo)腎穿刺建立工作通道用于經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石術(shù)的有效性。方法:該回顧性研究納入20例在北京大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院診斷為腎結(jié)石的患者,患者的人口學(xué)基線數(shù)據(jù)、臨床特點(diǎn)、手術(shù)治療以及術(shù)后情況來(lái)自于北京大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院綜合病例數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。全身麻醉后在超聲造影技術(shù)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控下由同一泌尿外科醫(yī)師進(jìn)行經(jīng)皮腎穿刺,再利用鈥激光或氣壓彈道進(jìn)行碎石,記錄患者的基線臨床資料、結(jié)石特征以及手術(shù)過(guò)程,最后,利用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析方法評(píng)價(jià)超聲造影引導(dǎo)經(jīng)皮腎穿刺用于經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石術(shù)的安全性和有效性。結(jié)果:20例患者均在超聲造影引導(dǎo)下成功行腎穿刺建立工作通道,并完成經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石手術(shù)。所有患者均成功穿刺入腎集合系統(tǒng)并建立良好的工作通道,僅1例患者接受了二次腎穿刺,并且所有患者均為通過(guò)腎中盞穿刺。中位穿刺時(shí)間3.9 min(四分位數(shù):2.9~4.6 min),而中位手術(shù)時(shí)間是112 min(四分位數(shù):98.5~134.5 min)。術(shù)后48 h的泌尿系平片(kidney ureter bladder,KUB)顯示初步結(jié)石清除率為95.0%(19/20),而中位血紅蛋白下降水平為10 g/L(四分位數(shù):5.5~14.5 g/L)。2位患者術(shù)后出現(xiàn)暫時(shí)性發(fā)熱,并且對(duì)抗生素反應(yīng)良好,除此之外,無(wú)其他嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥出現(xiàn)。結(jié)論:對(duì)于處在經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石術(shù)手術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)曲線中的泌尿外科醫(yī)師,使用注射用六氟化硫微泡超聲造影引導(dǎo)經(jīng)皮腎穿刺建立工作通道是一種安全且有效的方法。該技術(shù)使腎穿刺過(guò)程更加可視化且簡(jiǎn)單化,可獲得相比于普通超聲更為清晰的高質(zhì)量圖像。經(jīng)皮腎鏡取石術(shù)初學(xué)者可能從該項(xiàng)技術(shù)中獲益從而縮短學(xué)習(xí)曲線,但是這需要進(jìn)一步的前瞻性對(duì)比研究加以明確和證實(shí)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy with ultrasound guided renal puncture. Methods: twenty patients with renal calculi diagnosed in the first Hospital of Peking University were included in the retrospective study. The demographic baseline data, clinical characteristics, surgical treatment and postoperative conditions were obtained from the comprehensive case database of the first Hospital of Peking University. After general anesthesia, percutaneous renal puncture was performed by the same urologist under the real-time monitoring of contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and lithotripsy was performed by holmium laser or pneumatic ballistics. The baseline clinical data, characteristics of stones and surgical procedures were recorded. The safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy guided by contrast-enhanced ultrasound were evaluated by statistical analysis. Results all the 20 cases underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy under the guidance of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. All the patients were successfully punctured into the renal collecting system and established a good working channel. Only one patient underwent the secondary renal puncture and all the patients were punctured through the midrenal calyceal puncture. The median puncture time was 3.9 mins (quartile: 2.9 min), and the median operative time was 112 min (quartile: 98.5% 134.5 min). 48 h after operation, urological plain film ureter bladdern Kub showed that the initial stone clearance rate was 95.0 / 20, while the median hemoglobin level was 10 g / L (quartile: 5.5% 14.5 g/L).2) with transient fever and good response to antibiotics. No other serious complications occurred. Conclusion: for urologists in the learning curve of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, it is safe and effective to use sulfur hexafluoride microbubble ultrasound to guide percutaneous renal puncture to establish the working passage. This technique makes the renal puncture process more visual and simplified, and can obtain higher quality images than conventional ultrasound. The beginners of percutaneous nephrolithotomy may benefit from this technique to shorten the learning curve, but this requires further prospective comparative studies to clarify and verify.
【作者單位】: 北京大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院泌尿外科;北京大學(xué)泌尿外科研究所國(guó)家泌尿男性生殖系統(tǒng)腫瘤研究中心;
【分類號(hào)】:R699
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