【摘要】：韁核（Habenula nucleus, Hb）是前腦邊緣系統(tǒng)與中腦和腦干聯(lián)系的重要樞紐，通過復雜的纖維聯(lián)系與神經遞質參與中樞神經系統(tǒng)多種功能活動。最近發(fā)現(xiàn)Hb在認知過程中起著重要作用，但其機制尚未明確。 目的： 本研究擬通過損毀Hb觀察大鼠腦內DA系統(tǒng)和Ach系統(tǒng)的微量變化，以期探究Hb影響認知功能的可能作用途徑和機制，從而為臨床上各種認知功能損害性疾病提供新的診斷和治療依據(jù)。 方法: 實驗分為三組，即正常對照組、假手術組和Hb毀損組。應用Morris水迷宮測驗觀察Hb損毀大鼠的行為學變化；應用ELISA免疫法觀察Hb損毀大鼠腦脊液及海馬中乙酰膽堿酯酶（AchE）含量的變化以及腦脊液和黑質中多巴胺（DA）含量的變化；應用免疫組織化學染色的方法研究Hb損毀大鼠炓質中酪氨酸氫化酶（TH）及海馬中膽堿乙酰轉移酶（ChAT）表達的變化。 結果： 本實驗結果顯示：（1）行為學測試結果：在定位航行實驗中，假手術組大鼠與正常組大鼠比較無明顯差異（P0.05），Hb損毀組大鼠逃避潛伏期延長，，與假手術組及正常組均有極顯著差異（P0.01）；在空間探索實驗中，假手術組大鼠在100秒內到達平臺的次數(shù)與正常組大鼠無明顯差異（P0.05）；Hb損毀組大鼠較假手術組及正常對照組明顯減少（P0.01）。（2）AchE和DA含量的變化：Hb損毀后腦脊液AchE含量明顯減少（P0.01），但是海馬AchE含量無明顯變化（P0.05）；Hb損毀后黑質DAChAT和TH陽性細胞數(shù)的變化：Hb損毀組大鼠海馬ChAT陽性細胞數(shù)無明顯變化（P0.05）；黑質TH陽性細胞數(shù)目顯著增多（P0.01）。 結論： 本實驗結果證實：（1）損毀Hb后的大鼠空間記憶和探索等學習能力明顯降低，說明Hb參與神經系統(tǒng)認知功能過程的調節(jié)。（2）Hb損毀后，腦脊液AchE含量減少，海馬AchE及ChAT含量未見明顯變化，提示Hb參與腦中Ach的釋放，但是不影響海馬Ach的含量。（3）Hb損毀后，黑質中DA含量增多，TH含量增多，提示Hb參與黑質中DA的釋放和傳遞。
[Abstract]:Habenula nucleus (Hb) is an important junction between the forebrain limbic system and the middle brain and brain stem. It participates in many functional activities of the central nervous system through complex fiber connections and neurotransmitters.
Objective:
The purpose of this study is to observe the changes of DA and Ach systems in rat brain by destroying Hb, so as to explore the possible pathway and mechanism of Hb affecting cognitive function, and to provide a new basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of various cognitive impairment diseases.
Method:
The experiment was divided into three groups: normal control group, sham operation group and Hb lesion group. Immunohistochemical staining was used to study the changes of tyrosine hydrogenase (TH) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression in the hippocampus of rats with Hb lesion.
Result:
The results showed that: (1) Behavioral test: in the positioning navigation experiment, there was no significant difference between the sham-operated group and the normal group (P 0.05), the escape latency of rats in the Hb lesion group was prolonged, which was significantly different from the sham-operated group and the normal group (P 0.01); in the space exploration experiment, the sham-operated group rats arrived within 100 seconds. There was no significant difference between the number of platforms and normal rats (P 0.05); the number of DAChAT and TH positive cells in substantia nigra after Hb lesion decreased significantly (P 0.01). Changes: The number of ChAT positive cells in hippocampus of rats with Hb lesion did not change significantly (P 0.05), and the number of TH positive cells in substantia nigra increased significantly (P 0.01).
Conclusion:
The results showed that: (1) the spatial memory and exploratory learning ability of rats with Hb lesion were significantly decreased, indicating that Hb participated in the regulation of cognitive function of the nervous system. (2) After Hb lesion, the content of AchE in cerebrospinal fluid decreased, while the contents of AchE and ChAT in hippocampus did not change significantly, suggesting that Hb participated in the release of Ach in the brain, but did not affect the content of Ach in hippocampus. (3) after Hb damage, DA content in substantia nigra increased and TH content increased, suggesting that Hb was involved in the release and transmission of DA in substantia nigra.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R749.1

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