本文選題：結(jié)果評價 + 抑郁　； 參考：《成都醫(yī)學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在決策結(jié)果形成之前,決策者對具體結(jié)果會產(chǎn)生心理預(yù)期,隨后以這種結(jié)果預(yù)期為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),來與實際結(jié)果相比較,評價實際結(jié)果的好壞。反事實思維就是將現(xiàn)實結(jié)果與可能結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較的思維過程,與更好還是更差的預(yù)期結(jié)果相比較,將影響對現(xiàn)實結(jié)果的評價�；贐eck關(guān)于抑郁的情感障礙認(rèn)知圖式理論,高抑郁者傾向于負(fù)性預(yù)期。因此,本研究假設(shè)抑郁水平將影響結(jié)果預(yù)期,高抑郁水平被試傾向于負(fù)性預(yù)期,將現(xiàn)實結(jié)果與較好的預(yù)期結(jié)果相比較的上行反事實思維減弱,表現(xiàn)在腦電結(jié)果上為與結(jié)果評價有關(guān)的腦電成分波幅減弱。因此,本研究將通過抑郁水平對于結(jié)果評價相關(guān)的反事實思維的影響,來探索高抑郁水平被試負(fù)性結(jié)果評價以及與情緒調(diào)節(jié)障礙的腦機(jī)制。目的通過全面地比較高、低抑郁水平個體在不同情境(正性、負(fù)性、中性)下的結(jié)果評價神經(jīng)反應(yīng)(均以FRN和P300為主要考察對象),探索抑郁水平對結(jié)果預(yù)期、反事實思維影響的心理特點。材料與方法本研究采用抑郁自評量表(SDS)篩選出高抑郁組20人,低抑郁組20人。所有被試完成一個改編的金錢激勵延遲任務(wù)(Monetary Incentive Delay Task,MID),并使用事件相關(guān)電位(event-related potential)技術(shù)記錄被試在任務(wù)中線索刺激和反饋結(jié)果刺激誘發(fā)的腦電數(shù)據(jù)(主要是FRN和P300成分)。結(jié)果實驗一的結(jié)果:正常個體對獎賞和懲罰線索刺激誘發(fā)的FRN和P300沒有顯著差異。對于反饋結(jié)果誘發(fā)的FRN波幅,負(fù)性反饋結(jié)果大于正性反饋結(jié)果;對于反饋結(jié)果誘發(fā)的P300波幅,正性結(jié)果大于負(fù)性結(jié)果。實驗二的結(jié)果:對于零值、獎賞、懲罰情境線索誘發(fā)的FRN波幅,低抑郁組獎賞線索和懲罰線索沒有差異;高抑郁組懲罰線索比獎賞線索誘發(fā)的FRN波幅更大。高抑郁組懲罰線索誘發(fā)的FRN波幅大于低抑郁組。在反饋刺激加工階段,高、低抑郁組在負(fù)性反饋結(jié)果誘發(fā)的FRN波幅上有差異,低抑郁組3種接近性結(jié)果FRN波幅差異均不顯著,高抑郁組在近-接近性結(jié)果的FRN波幅小于遠(yuǎn)-接近性和中-接近性結(jié)果反饋的FRN,且高抑郁組在負(fù)性近-接近性結(jié)果上的FRN波幅小于低抑郁組。結(jié)論情境線索誘發(fā)的FRN波幅,表明高抑郁組對懲罰更敏感;與此對應(yīng),只有在懲罰反饋(負(fù)性反饋)條件下,觀察到高低抑郁組有差異,高抑郁組對“近接近性”懲罰反饋(“差一點贏”,表示上行反事實思維)比低抑郁組FRN波幅小,表明高抑郁上行反事實思維減弱。抑郁水平減弱上行反事實思維。
[Abstract]:Before the decision result comes into being, the decision maker will produce psychological expectation on the concrete result, and then take this kind of result expectation as the criterion to compare with the actual result and evaluate the actual result. Counterfactual thinking is the thinking process of comparing the realistic result with the possible result, and comparing with the better or worse expected result, which will affect the evaluation of the realistic result. Based on Beck's cognitive schema theory of depression, high depression patients tend to have negative expectations. Therefore, this study assumes that the depression level will affect the outcome expectation, the subjects with high depression level tend to negative expectations, and the upward counterfactual thinking of comparing the realistic results with the better expected results is weakened. The results of EEG showed that the amplitude of EEG components related to outcome evaluation was decreased. Therefore, the present study will explore the negative outcome evaluation and the brain mechanism of mood regulation disorders in subjects with high depression level through the influence of depression level on the counterfactual thinking related to outcome evaluation. Objective to evaluate the neurological responses of individuals with high and low levels of depression (both FRN and P300) by comparing the results of different situations (positive, negative, neutral) in order to explore the expectation of depression. The psychological characteristics of counterfactual thinking. Materials and methods 20 patients with high depression and 20 patients with low depression were selected by self-rating depression scale (SDS). All the subjects completed an adapted Incentive Delay task and used event-related potentialtechnology to record EEG data (mainly FRN and P300 components) induced by clue stimulation and feedback stimulation. Results the results of experiment 1 showed that there was no significant difference between FRN and P300 induced by reward and punishment cues in normal individuals. For the FRN amplitude induced by the feedback results, the negative feedback results are larger than the positive feedback results, and for the P300 wave amplitudes induced by the feedback results, the positive results are larger than the negative ones. The results of experiment 2 showed that there was no difference between the FRN amplitude induced by zero value, reward, punishment situation cues, reward cues and punishment cues in low depression group, while the FRN amplitude was higher in high depression group than in reward cues. The amplitude of FRN induced by punishment cues in high depression group was higher than that in low depression group. In the process of feedback stimulation, there were differences in the amplitude of FRN induced by negative feedback in the high and low depression groups, but there was no significant difference in the FRN amplitude among the three similar results in the low depression group. The amplitude of FRN in high depression group was smaller than that in far close and middle approach results, and the amplitude of FRN in high depression group was lower than that in low depression group. Conclusion the amplitude of FRN induced by situational cues indicates that high depression group is more sensitive to punishment, and only under the condition of penalty feedback (negative feedback), there are differences between high and low depression groups. The FRN amplitude of the high depression group was lower than that of the low depression group, indicating that the uplink counterfactual thinking was weaker in the high depression group than in the low depression group. Depression weakens upward counterfactual thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R749.4

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