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瘦素與脂蛋白酯酶、肝酯酶在妊娠期糖尿病脂代謝紊亂中的作用研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-06-15 08:08

  本文選題:妊娠期糖尿病 + 瘦素。 參考:《第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文


【摘要】:研究背景與目的: 妊娠期糖尿。℅estational Diabetes Mellitus,GDM)是指妊娠期特發(fā)的糖代謝異常性內(nèi)分泌疾病,是妊娠期常見的并發(fā)癥之一。GDM發(fā)病率逐年增高,已影響了全球3-5%的妊娠期婦女,對孕婦及胎兒的健康造成了嚴(yán)重的威脅。 瘦素是調(diào)節(jié)能量和脂肪代謝的重要因子,胰島素是糖脂代謝的關(guān)鍵物質(zhì)。國內(nèi)、外多項(xiàng)研究表明,瘦素與胰島素存在雙向調(diào)節(jié)作用,GDM時(shí)這種調(diào)節(jié)作用失衡,出現(xiàn)高瘦素血癥及高胰島素血癥。過高水平的胰島素不能對甘油三酯(TG)的合成與分解代謝發(fā)揮正常的生理作用,從而導(dǎo)致GDM患者血中的TG水平異常升高。然而,這不能合理解釋經(jīng)過飲食及胰島素治療后血糖得到良好控制的GDM孕婦,TG仍有顯著改變的現(xiàn)象,說明可能有其他的原因?qū)е铝薌DM孕婦的脂質(zhì)代謝異常。 脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)是調(diào)節(jié)脂類代謝的關(guān)鍵酶,分別催化乳糜微粒(CM)、極低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)內(nèi)核的甘油三脂(TG)水解。已有研究表明,LPL、HL含量或活性降低可使脂質(zhì)清除能力下降,導(dǎo)致TG的升高及代謝紊亂。目前,對瘦素與LPL、HL之間的相關(guān)性、是否與GDM的脂代謝紊亂發(fā)生、發(fā)展有關(guān),國內(nèi)外研究尚未提出此觀點(diǎn)。 本課題通過細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)及動(dòng)物模型研究瘦素與LPL、HL及脂代謝的相關(guān)性,以及高濃度瘦素是否通過改變LPL、HL的活性來改善脂代謝紊亂,對GDM的病理生理機(jī)制及可能的治療新方法作初步的探索。 方法: 一、細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn): 用1×10-6mol/L的胰島素處理LO2細(xì)胞48小時(shí),構(gòu)建胰島素抵抗(InsulinResistance,IR)的肝細(xì)胞模型(LO2-I);采用葡萄糖氧化酶-過氧化物酶法(GOD-POD)進(jìn)行細(xì)胞模型鑒定。收集LO2細(xì)胞和LO2-I細(xì)胞,采用RT-PCR和WB檢測細(xì)胞內(nèi)LPL、HL mRNA和蛋白質(zhì)相對表達(dá)量,用油紅染色法觀測細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪含量。分別于兩組細(xì)胞中加入含有0,50,100,250μg/L瘦素(Leptin)培養(yǎng)24小時(shí),檢測LPL和HLmRNA和蛋白質(zhì)含量,及細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪的堆積情況。將濃度為100μg/L瘦素培養(yǎng)下的LO2-I細(xì)胞分三組進(jìn)行培養(yǎng),一組加入單純培養(yǎng)基,一組加入僅含有100μg/L瘦素的培養(yǎng)基,一組加入含有100μg/L瘦素及2μmol/L瘦素拮抗劑(Leptin-A)的培養(yǎng)基,分別培養(yǎng)24小時(shí),并檢測三組LPL和HLmRNA和蛋白質(zhì)表達(dá)量,及細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪的堆積情況,,以了解瘦素對體外培養(yǎng)肝細(xì)胞脂代謝的影響。 二、動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn): 將C57BL/KSJ野生型(Lepr+/+)(A組)、雜合型(Lepr db/+)(B組)雌鼠分別與野生型Lepr+/+雄鼠合籠;眼眶采血,離心法收集血清;ELISA檢測A組,B組小鼠非孕期以及孕期血清瘦素、胰島素、LPL、HL、TG、FFA的含量;酶活力檢測試劑盒檢測LPL和HL酶活力。妊娠前后分別向兩組小鼠體內(nèi)注射5mg/kg·day的瘦素,隔日搜集血清,檢測LPL、HL酶含量和活性,以了解瘦素對Lepr+/+和Lepr db/+小鼠脂代謝的影響。 結(jié)果: 一、細(xì)胞實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果:1、經(jīng)胰島素處理的LO2—I細(xì)胞糖耐量顯著低于LO2細(xì)胞,表明IR形成,細(xì)胞模型建立成功。2、LO2—I細(xì)胞LPL、HL mRNA和蛋白質(zhì)相對表達(dá)量顯著低于正常LO2細(xì)胞,且細(xì)胞中油紅O油脂染色明顯增高。3、不同濃度瘦素處理后,LO2-I細(xì)胞內(nèi)LPL、HL mRNA及蛋白的表達(dá)水平有所增高,細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪堆積量不同程度減少,尤其以100μg/L瘦素濃度下效果最為明顯。4、瘦素+瘦素拮抗劑組LPL、HLmRNA及蛋白的表達(dá)及脂肪含量無明顯增加。 二、動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果:1、Lepr db/+小鼠(GDM小鼠)非孕期及孕期的血清瘦素濃度均高于Lepr+/+小鼠(正常小鼠),但Lepr db/+小鼠僅在孕期出現(xiàn)糖尿病表現(xiàn):血胰島素升高和葡萄糖耐受降低, TG明顯升高,LPL、HL單位酶活力均顯著降低;2、向兩組非孕期和孕期小鼠體內(nèi)分別注射5mg/kg·day的瘦素后,LPL、HL的酶活力均有所增加,非孕期GDM鼠與正常鼠無明顯差異,但GDM鼠孕期注射瘦素以后,LPL、HL酶活力的增加不及正常鼠(P0.01)。 結(jié)論: 1.在胰島素抵抗的肝細(xì)胞中,LPL、HL活性降低,脂肪分解減少,細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪堆積; 2.一定濃度的瘦素可增加胰島素抵抗肝細(xì)胞中LPL、HL的表達(dá),降低細(xì)胞內(nèi)油脂堆積; 3. GDM小鼠孕期LPL、HL活性降低,脂肪分解減少,引起脂代謝紊亂。 4.瘦素可增加GDM小鼠孕期LPL和HL的活性,改善脂代謝紊亂,為GDM的治療提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Research background and purpose:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is an abnormal metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism during pregnancy. It is one of the common complications of pregnancy, and the incidence of.GDM is increasing year by year. It has affected the global 3-5% pregnant women and poses a serious threat to the health of pregnant women and the fetus.
Leptin is an important factor in regulating energy and fat metabolism. Insulin is a key substance in glycolipid metabolism. A number of domestic studies have shown that leptin and insulin have a bidirectional regulation effect. When GDM is unbalanced, hyperleptin and hyperinsulinemia occur. High levels of insulin can not be used in the synthesis of triglycerides (TG). Catabolism plays a normal physiological role, which leads to abnormal elevated levels of TG in the blood of GDM patients. However, this does not reasonably explain GDM pregnant women who have good control of blood sugar after diet and insulin treatment. TG still has a significant change, suggesting that there may be other causes of abnormal lipid metabolism in GDM pregnant women.
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), liver lipase (HL), a key enzyme for regulating lipid metabolism, catalyzes the hydrolysis of chylous particles (CM), extremely low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) kernel, respectively. The hydrolysis of glycerol three (TG) in the core of high density lipoprotein (HDL) has been studied. It has been shown that the decrease of LPL, HL content or viability can cause the decrease of lipid clearance, leading to the increase of TG and metabolic disorders. Whether the correlation between leptin and LPL and HL is related to the occurrence and development of lipid metabolism disorder in GDM has not been put forward at home and abroad.
This topic studies the correlation between leptin and LPL, HL and lipid metabolism through cell culture and animal models, as well as whether the high concentration leptin can improve the lipid metabolism disorder by changing the activity of LPL and HL, and preliminarily explores the pathophysiological mechanism of GDM and the possible new treatment methods.
Method錛

本文編號:2021340

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