超聲檢測(cè)胎兒髖關(guān)節(jié)及脾臟的方法和應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-04-10 16:02
本文選題:超聲檢查 + 產(chǎn)前 ; 參考:《福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:目的評(píng)估超聲測(cè)量胎兒髖關(guān)節(jié)的可行性,建立國(guó)人胎兒髖關(guān)節(jié)發(fā)育的正常值參考范圍,評(píng)估胎兒髖關(guān)節(jié)發(fā)育的影響因素及其臨床意義。 方法采用Bland-Altman分析引產(chǎn)的20例胎兒宮內(nèi)和引產(chǎn)后宮外超聲測(cè)量髂骨長(zhǎng)徑(R),骨性髖臼凹長(zhǎng)徑(r),股骨頭直徑(D),α角,β角,股骨頭覆蓋率(morin ratio,MR)的一致性。選取480例21~40孕周單胎胎兒,在Graf’s法髖關(guān)節(jié)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)冠狀斷面上測(cè)量各項(xiàng)值并計(jì)算正常值范圍,分析各項(xiàng)值與孕周(GA)的關(guān)系。隨機(jī)選擇30例胎兒,分析測(cè)量值的一致性采用組內(nèi)相關(guān)系數(shù)(ICC)分析觀察者內(nèi)及觀察者間的可重復(fù)性。選擇同期連續(xù)48例脊柱及骨骼系統(tǒng)畸形、羊水異常的胎兒,分析脊柱及骨骼畸形、羊水、性別、胎位與胎兒髖關(guān)節(jié)發(fā)育的相關(guān)性。 結(jié)果引產(chǎn)胎兒宮內(nèi)與宮外測(cè)量的一致性信度高,,觀察者內(nèi)及觀察者間可重復(fù)性良好(組內(nèi)相關(guān)系數(shù)分別是:R0.97、0.90;r0.98、0.91;D0.94、0.92;α0.93、0.88;β0.96、0.89;MR0.95、0.87)。髂骨長(zhǎng)徑、骨性髖臼凹長(zhǎng)徑、股骨頭直徑隨孕周的增加而增大,最適二次回歸方程分別為:髂骨長(zhǎng)徑(cm)=-2.445+0.227GA-0.002GA2;骨性髖臼凹長(zhǎng)徑(cm)=-0.881+0.079GA;股骨頭直徑(cm)=-1.571+0.132GA-0.001GA2;α角(°)=85.791-1.222GA+0.016GA2;β角(°)=31.991+0.021GA+0.008GA2;MR(%)=79.173-0.706GA+0.003GA2(P均<0.05)。其中Graf I型(α角≥60°):420例,Graf IIa型(50°≤α<60°):60例;β角>55°:29例,β≤55°:451例;谓M、不同羊水組與正常組胎兒之間及不同性別、胎位的胎兒之間各測(cè)量項(xiàng)值的差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P均>0.05)。 結(jié)論高分辨力超聲能夠清楚地顯示和評(píng)估胎兒髖關(guān)節(jié)發(fā)育情況。 目的探討二維和三維超聲測(cè)量胎兒脾臟大小的方法并建立國(guó)人正常參考值范圍,選擇最佳的評(píng)估指標(biāo)以發(fā)現(xiàn)脾臟異常并評(píng)估其臨床意義。 方法分析20例胎兒宮內(nèi)、宮外超聲測(cè)量脾臟長(zhǎng)徑、厚度、周長(zhǎng)、面積、體積的一致性。隨機(jī)選擇30例胎兒,分析宮內(nèi)測(cè)量各項(xiàng)值的重復(fù)性。選取388例18~38孕周正常單胎胎兒,測(cè)量各項(xiàng)值并計(jì)算正常值范圍,采用回歸分析評(píng)估各測(cè)量項(xiàng)與孕周(GA)的關(guān)系,以此正常值范圍篩查脾腫大。 結(jié)果宮內(nèi)、宮外超聲測(cè)量脾臟各項(xiàng)值的一致性較好,宮內(nèi)測(cè)量可重復(fù)性良好(ICC:0.866~0.974),其中體積測(cè)量的可信度最高。各測(cè)量項(xiàng)隨孕周的增加而增大,回歸方程分別為:長(zhǎng)徑(cm)=-0.344+0.091GA+0.091GA2;厚度(cm)=-0.755+0.092GA;周長(zhǎng)(cm)=-1.756+0.323GA+0.002GA2;面積(cm2)=2.86-0.312GA+0.012GA2;體積(cm3)=8.155-0.789GA+0.024GA2(P均<0.001)。同期共檢出6胎脾臟增大及1胎脾囊腫。 結(jié)論超聲能清楚地顯示和測(cè)量胎兒脾臟。脾臟體積是評(píng)估其大小的最適指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the feasibility of ultrasonic measurement of fetal hip joint, to establish the normal reference range of Chinese fetal hip joint development, and to evaluate the influencing factors of fetal hip joint development and its clinical significance.Methods Bland-Altman was used to analyze the consistency of intrauterine and extrauterine ultrasonography in 20 fetuses with intrauterine and postnatal intrauterine ultrasound measurements of iliac bone long diameter, bone acetabular fovea long diameter, femoral head diameter, 偽 angle, 尾 angle, femoral head coverage rate and morin ratiostomy.Four hundred and eighty fetuses of 21 and 40 gestational weeks were selected to measure and calculate the normal range of values on the standard coronal section of hip joint with Graf's method, and to analyze the relationship between the values and the gestational age.Thirty fetuses were randomly selected. The consistency of the measured values was analyzed by ICC- (intra-group correlation coefficient) to analyze the repeatability within and between observers.The relationship between spinal and skeletal malformation, amniotic fluid malformation, amniotic fluid, sex, fetal position and the development of fetal hip joint was analyzed.Results the consistent reliability of intrauterine and extrauterine measurements of induced labor was high, and the reproducibility of intraobserver and interobserver measurements was good (the intragroup correlation coefficients were: 1 / R 0.97 ~ 0.90 ~ 0.90 ~ 0.90g / r 0.91 / d 0.94 ~ 0.92; 偽 0.93n = 0.88; 尾 0.96 ~ 0.89 / M = 0.950.87).楂傞闀垮緞,楠ㄦ
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