北京市學(xué)齡兒童糖代謝異常的流行特征及影響因素
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the improvement of living standards and lifestyle changes, obesity is becoming more and more common in children. Impaired glucose metabolism associated with obesity: impaired glucose regulation (impaired glucose regulation, IGR) including impaired fasting blood glucose (impaired fasting glucose, IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (impaired glucose tolerance, IGT) and the past thought to be The prevalence of Type2Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in adult disease (T2DM) is also closely related to the incidence of.T2DM in children year by year and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood, and CVD has become the first cause of death in China, and the low age of.IGR and T2DM hair disease can increase the risk of CVD in young and young adults. Compared with type 1 diabetes (Type1Diabetes Mellitus, T1DM), T2DM related complications are earlier and more fatality. Therefore, children's IGR and T2DM have attracted wide attention and become important medical research topics. Early diagnosis and early treatment are of great significance for reducing the incidence of T2DM and CVD diseases in adult stage. There are relatively few studies on child IGR and T2DM. There is not yet a representative large scale survey based on children and adolescents in Beijing and even the whole country. The purpose of this study is: 1, to understand the blood sugar distribution characteristics of school aged children in Beijing (6-18 years old school students); 2, to understand the prevalence and distribution characteristics of IGR and diabetes, especially T2DM 3, to explore the related factors of abnormal glucose regulation and T2DM, including demographic characteristics (sex, age), urban and rural, family history of diabetes, obesity and related metabolic abnormalities, and 4, to explore the classification and characteristics of diabetes based on population.
In this study, a survey was conducted with a stratified (urban and rural) random (stratified random) cluster sampling method. A total of 19431 6-18 - year - old students in seven districts and counties in Beijing were investigated for blood glucose, level and risk factors related to T2DM. Two stages were used, and the first stage was the use of fasting fingertip capillary blood glucose (FAS Ting capillary blood glucose, FCBG) measurement of blood glucose level for all the subjects. The first stage also carried out the height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, puberty development test. According to the 1999 WHO index of blood glucose diagnosis, 476 children with high blood sugar (FCBG > 5.6mmol/L) were screened for the first stage, and 226 people (4 7.48%) into the second stage of clinical diagnosis, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipid four and insulin test. 180 of them agreed to take oral glucose tolerance test (oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT). For the second stage of collecting venous blood, according to the 2012 American Diabetes Association (Americ) An Diabetes Association, ADA) the standard of venous blood glucose for the diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes, IFG:FPG5.6mmol/L-6.9mmol/L, and OGTT2 hour blood glucose 7.8mmol/L, IGT:OGTT2 hourly blood glucose more than 7.8mmol/L-11.0mmol/L, and FPG5.6mmol/L; diabetes: FPG7.0mmol/L or OGTT2 hours diabetes classification based on diabetes mellitus It is suggested that the standard of high risk subjects for T2DM screening in children and adolescents and the diagnostic criteria proposed by Dean are the basis for clinical diagnosis of T2DM. At the same time, reference to antibody test and antibody positive children, the possibility of diagnosis of T1DM is great.
(1) distribution characteristics of blood glucose in children aged 6 to 18 years of age:
1, male FCBG was higher than girls in all age groups of 6-18 years. The difference of FCBG value between male and female was statistically significant. The trend of blood sugar change in P0.001. male and female was basically the same, and the distribution of blood sugar in Shuangfeng was the same, and the trend of blood sugar level increased gradually during the age of 6 to 11, the peak of blood sugar level increased with age, and then reached the peak at the age of 11, then began to decline, 1 At the age of 14-15, blood glucose levels rose again, boys increased more than girls, and then began to decline again. At the age of 18, there was a trough.
2, the average FCBG of children in urban areas was 4.7 + 0.5mmol/L and 4.6 + 0.5mmol/L, respectively, and BMI was 19.44 + 4.21,18.54 + 3.7. urban children FCBG, and BMI was higher than those in suburban children. The difference was statistically significant, P 0.001. was all 0.001..
3, normal weight, overweight, obese children FCBG were 4.60 + 0.51mmol/L, 4.69 + 0.60mmol/L and 4.71 + 0.56mmol/L. compared with normal weight children, overweight, obese children's FCBG significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant, P0.001.
4, 476 children were screened for fasting hyperglycemia (FCBG5.6mmol/L), accounting for 2.45% of the screening population, 321 in boys (1.65%), 155 in girls (0.80%), and the proportion of men and women was 2.1:1, and the gender difference was statistically significant, P0.001.
5. Multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that family history of diabetes mellitus, sex, high TG, acanthosis nigricans and hypertension were risk factors for increased FCBG.
(two) the prevalence and distribution characteristics of IGR and diabetes, especially T2DM, the related factors and types and characteristics of diabetes:
1, 96 cases of abnormal blood glucose were found, including IFG81, IGT6, IFG+IGT5, T1DM6, T2DM6, and 2 cases of special type diabetes. In addition, 2 cases of diabetes were reported in the questionnaire survey.
2, the prevalence rate of IFG in school-age children was 8.78%0, the prevalence rate of IGT was 0.65 per thousand, the prevalence rate of diabetes was 1.52%o, the prevalence rate of male diabetes was 0.91 per thousand, the prevalence rate of girls was 1.97 per thousand, and the female students were higher than the boys.
3, the prevalence of T2DM among school-age children was 0.65 per thousand, the prevalence rate of IGR was 8.89 per thousand, and the prevalence of T2DM/IGR was 10.41 per thousand.
4, overweight, obese children IGR and diabetes detection rate is 1.1%, non overweight, obese children are 0.4%. overweight, obese children IGR and diabetes incidence and weight normal children have significant differences, P0.001.
5. Multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that family history, high TC, acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, abdominal obesity, high TG and sex were risk factors for IGR and diabetes.
6. Of the 14 newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus cases, 6 were T1DM6, 6 were T2DM6 (all female), and 2 were of special type. The ratio of T2DM to T1DM was 1:1.
Through the above research, we can draw the following conclusions:
1, fasting glycemic beetle in 6-18 years old school children in Beijing is related to gender, age and obesity, and there is a difference between urban and rural areas.
2, the prevalence rate of IFG in school-age children was 8.78 per thousand, the prevalence rate of IGT was 0.65 per thousand, the prevalence rate of T2DM was 0.65 per thousand, the prevalence rate of IGR was 8.89%0, the prevalence rate of T2DM/IGR was 10.41 per thousand, and the prevalence rate was high.
3, family history, high TC, acanthosis nigricans, hypertension, abdominal obesity, high TG and gender are the major risk factors for IGR and T2DM.
4, the proportion of T2DM in children's diabetes increased to 50%, which should be paid attention to.
To sum up, with the increasing number of obese children, the abnormal metabolism of sugar metabolism in children is increasing gradually. It is closely related to the occurrence of diabetes and CVD and other diseases in adult. It has become an increasingly concerned public health problem. To understand the epidemic characteristics and related risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in children and to prevent and treat children's sugar generation. Xie Yichang has important significance. At present, a large scale of international and domestic research on children's glucose metabolism water half is rare. This study reflects the change trend of blood glucose level in normal children, obtains the characteristics of abnormal glucose regulation and diabetes in children and adolescents, and discusses the related risk factors preliminarily. It provides a reference for future research on children's blood glucose related subjects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:R725.8
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