本文選題：支氣管哮喘 + 中西醫(yī)危險因素　； 參考：《黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：了解分析哈爾濱市城區(qū)0-14歲兒童哮喘相關危險因素,為小兒哮喘在中醫(yī)藥領域的防治提供相關數(shù)據(jù)。 方法：本次研究依附于“第三次全國兒童哮喘流行病學調(diào)查”。采用隨機整群抽樣的方法抽取哈爾濱市城區(qū)0-14歲兒童10552名進行本次調(diào)查,首先為初步篩查階段,找出可疑哮喘兒童,其次通過醫(yī)學標準確診哮喘兒童,填寫哮喘／非哮喘兒童調(diào)查表和哮喘／非哮喘兒童中醫(yī)相關因素調(diào)查表,通過epic—info數(shù)據(jù)庫和SPSS19.0統(tǒng)計軟件,將全部問卷調(diào)查表的資料及數(shù)據(jù)一同輸入軟件進行統(tǒng)計學分析。了解哈爾濱市城區(qū)近10年兒童哮喘的發(fā)病率和治療現(xiàn)狀,并通過病例對照相結合的方法找出誘發(fā)兒童哮喘的危險因素。 結果：(1)本項研究共調(diào)查0-14歲哈爾濱市城區(qū)兒童10552人,確診為哮喘者173例,患病率為1.64%。(2)哮喘的發(fā)作誘因中呼吸道感染排在首位,占79.19%,其次為天氣變化49.71%、運動31.79%、接觸屋塵15.60%等。(3)哮喘急性發(fā)作首選治療藥物中茶堿類藥物占71.68%,其次為支氣管舒張劑69.36%,抗過敏藥64.16%,中藥的使用率為49.13%。(4)哮喘的危險因素調(diào)查中發(fā)現(xiàn)個人過敏史及家族過敏史特別是一級親屬哮喘病史、早產(chǎn)、不良環(huán)境影響及飲食偏嗜酸甜咸、喜食肉類、海鮮,情緒不穩(wěn)定及平素常有氣短懶言、反復感冒、遺尿、舌苔花剝等與非哮喘兒童具有顯著特異性(p0.05)。而家中養(yǎng)花草、有人吸煙及母乳喂養(yǎng)無統(tǒng)計學意義(p0.05) 結論：2013年哈爾濱市城區(qū)兒童哮喘患病率較2000年顯著升高。哮喘誘發(fā)因素中以呼吸道感染最為顯著。哮喘治療藥物首選茶堿類藥物,中藥的使用率位居第四位。經(jīng)x2檢驗和logistic回歸分析哮喘的危險因素包括個人及家族過敏史、不良環(huán)境影響、飲食偏嗜及喜食肥甘、平素氣短懶言、易于感冒、形寒肢冷、遺尿、腹脹便溏、舌苔花剝等。中醫(yī)相關危險因素的調(diào)查分析為小兒哮喘在中醫(yī)藥領域的防治提供相關數(shù)據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the risk factors of asthma in children aged 0-14 years in Harbin and to provide relevant data for the prevention and treatment of asthma in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: this study was attached to the third National Epidemiological Survey of Childhood Asthma. A total of 10552 children aged 0-14 years old in Harbin City were selected by random cluster sampling. The first stage of screening was to identify suspected asthmatic children, and the second was to confirm asthma children by medical standard. The questionnaire of asthmatic / non-asthmatic children and the questionnaire of TCM related factors of asthmatic / non-asthmatic children were completed. The data and data of all questionnaires were input into the software for statistical analysis by epic-info database and SPSS19.0 software. To understand the incidence and treatment status of childhood asthma in Harbin city in recent 10 years, and to find out the risk factors of children asthma by the method of case control. Results (1) A total of 10552 children aged 0-14 years old in Harbin City were investigated in this study. 173 cases were diagnosed with asthma, the prevalence rate was 1.64%) Respiratory tract infection was the first cause of asthma attack. Accounting for 79.19, followed by weather change 49.71, exercise 31.79, exposure to house dust 15.60%, etc.) Theophylline drugs accounted for 71.68% of the first choice for acute asthma attack, followed by bronchodiastolic drug 69.3636, antiallergic drug 64.16 and the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine 49.13.4) risk factors of asthma The investigation found that the history of personal allergies and family allergies, especially the history of asthma in first-degree relatives, Premature labor, adverse environmental effects and eating preference to sour, sweet and salty diet, predilection for meat, seafood, emotional instability and common element are often characterized by shortness of breath, repeated colds, enuresis, tongue coating exfoliation, and so on, which have a significant specificity with non-asthmatic children (p 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between smoking and breast-feeding in raising flowers and plants at home (p 0.05). Conclusion: the prevalence of asthma in children in Harbin City in 2013 was significantly higher than that in 2000. Respiratory tract infection was the most significant factor of asthma. Theophylline drugs are the first choice for asthma treatment, and the utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine is the fourth. The risk factors of asthma by x2 test and logistic regression analysis included personal and family allergic history, adverse environmental effects, preference to diet and fattening, short and lazy breath, easy to catch cold, cold limbs, enuresis, loose stools, tongue peeling and so on. The investigation and analysis of TCM related risk factors provide relevant data for the prevention and treatment of pediatric asthma in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.
【學位授予單位】：黑龍江中醫(yī)藥大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R272

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