本文關(guān)鍵詞： 肺炎支原體 流行病學(xué)特征 耐藥性 兒童　出處：《中國(guó)病原生物學(xué)雜志》2017年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的分析醫(yī)院兒童肺炎支原體感染的流行病學(xué)及其耐藥性,為臨床抗感染防治提供指導(dǎo)。方法收集3134例兒童患者靜脈血標(biāo)本,從中分離血清,用呼吸道感染病原體IgM檢測(cè)試劑盒檢驗(yàn)肺炎支原體感染情況,用支原體IST檢測(cè)藥敏試劑盒進(jìn)行藥敏試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果 2014-2016年3 134例醫(yī)院就診患兒中946例感染肺炎支原體,陽(yáng)性率30.19%,其中2014年陽(yáng)性率23.06%(229/933),2015年33.18%(358/1079),2016年33.80%(359/1062)。2014-2016年的春、夏、秋、冬四季肺炎支原體陽(yáng)性率分別為26.99%(220/815)、32.91%(257/781)、34.97%(270/772)和25.98%(199/766)。2014年各季肺炎支原體陽(yáng)性率分別為16.85%、28.00%、27.70%和19.32%,2015年分別為33.08%、35.51%、34.56%和29.43%,2016年分別為31.16%、36.59%、40.77%和27.55%。男性患兒肺炎支原體陽(yáng)性率為26.00%(513/1973),女性患兒為37.30%(433/1161),女性肺炎支原體陽(yáng)性率高于男性(χ2=44.2433,P0.05)�！�1歲患兒肺炎支原體陽(yáng)性率為12.11%(192/1585),1~歲為41.33%(348/842),3~歲為52.25%(209/400),5~歲為60.12%(98/163),7~16歲為68.75%(99/144)。上呼吸道感染、支氣管炎、毛細(xì)支氣管炎、支氣管肺炎、大葉性支氣管肺炎、間質(zhì)性肺炎、哮喘急性發(fā)作患兒肺炎支原體陽(yáng)性率分別為29.39%(82/279)、24.00%(6/25)、19.41%(92/474)、27.32%(513/1878)、76.32%(58/76)、59.18%(29/49)和47.03%(166/353)。2014年分離的肺炎支原體對(duì)阿奇霉素、羅紅霉素、克拉霉素、螺旋霉素、吉他霉素、克林霉素的耐藥率分別為19.21%、17.03%、12.66%、11.35%、1.31%和0.87%,2015年分別為21.51%、17.88%、15.64%、17.88%、1.40%和0.84%,2016年分別為21.73%、17.55%、15.04%、18.38%、1.39%和1.11%。結(jié)論肺炎支原體在醫(yī)院就診患兒中的感染率逐年增高,且隨著患兒年齡增長(zhǎng)感染率增加明顯;大葉性支氣管肺炎兒童肺炎支原體感染率最高。肺炎支原體對(duì)大環(huán)內(nèi)酯類抗生素耐藥程度呈升高趨勢(shì),尤其是阿奇霉素,臨床診療中應(yīng)密切關(guān)注耐藥性的發(fā)生和發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiology and drug resistance of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in hospital children, and to provide guidance for clinical prevention and treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae. The infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae was detected by IgM kit of respiratory tract infection and the drug sensitivity test by IST test kit. Results from 2014 to 2016, 946 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae were infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae. The positive rate was 30.19, of which on 2014 the positive rate was 23.06 / 933%, on 2015 33.18% was 3.58% 1079%, and on 2016 33.80% 359% 1062% 2014-2016 in spring, summer, autumn, The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in the four seasons of winter were 26.9999% and 19.3232%, respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 26.9999% and 29.4343%, respectively. In 2016, the positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 31.16% 36.5940.77% and 27.5555%, respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 26.00% and 27.98% respectively. In 2014, the positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae were 16.85% and 19.3232% respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in each quarter were 27.70% and 19.3232%, 33.08% and 35.51% in 2015, 31.16% in 36.5940.77% and 27.5555% in 2016, respectively. The positive rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in male children were 26.00%, 51373%, 37.33 1161% and 37.30%, respectively. The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae was higher than that of men (蠂 ~ 2 / 44.2433 / P0.05). The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children 鈮，

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