【摘要】：為了解蛋雞場(chǎng)中抗生素、消毒劑的耐藥情況,從蛋雞場(chǎng)的環(huán)境(糞便、土壤、水體等)和雞蛋中分離大腸桿菌,測(cè)定7種抗生素和2種季銨鹽消毒劑對(duì)大腸桿菌的最低抑制濃度(Minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC),檢測(cè)18種抗生素耐藥基因和5種季銨鹽消毒劑耐藥基因,并對(duì)大腸桿菌進(jìn)行脈沖場(chǎng)凝膠電泳(Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分析.共得到44株大腸桿菌;大腸桿菌對(duì)抗生素耐藥率為6.82%-90.91%,對(duì)土霉素(OTC)耐藥率最高,對(duì)慶大霉素(CN)耐藥率最低,所有大腸桿菌對(duì)頭孢噻呋鈉(CFS)表現(xiàn)敏感,一共產(chǎn)生14種不同的耐藥譜型,其中,AMLTMP-OTC是最主要的譜型(N=10,P=23.81%);抗生素耐藥基因檢出率為2.27%-84.09%,tet C檢出率最高,qnr A檢出率最低.消毒劑苯扎氯銨(Benzalkonium chloride,BC)、氯化十六烷基吡啶(Cetylpyridinium chloride,CPC)對(duì)大腸桿菌的MIC范圍分別為8-64μg/m L、4-256μg/m L,僅檢測(cè)出qac EΔ1耐藥基因(N=18,P=40.91%),qac EΔ1陽(yáng)性大腸桿菌與甲氧芐啶(TMP)耐藥表型存在顯著相關(guān)性(P0.05);44株大腸桿菌PFGE基因型相似性在32.11%-96.62%之間.本研究表明蛋雞場(chǎng)中大腸桿菌存在交叉?zhèn)鞑サ那闆r,對(duì)部分抗生素耐藥性嚴(yán)重,同時(shí)對(duì)消毒劑出現(xiàn)耐藥性,應(yīng)引起足夠重視.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the resistance of antibiotics and disinfectants in laying hens, E. coli was isolated from the environment of laying hens (feces, soil, water, etc.) and eggs. The minimum inhibitory concentration (Minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC) of 7 antibiotics and 2 quaternylammonium disinfectants to Escherichia coli was determined, and 18 antibiotic resistance genes and 5 quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant resistance genes were detected. The Escherichia coli was analyzed by pulse field gel electrophoresis (Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,PFGE). A total of 44 strains of Escherichia coli were obtained. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to antibiotics was 6.82% 鈮，

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