【摘要】：本文目的在于研究務(wù)川黑牛遺傳資源狀況及保護(hù)對(duì)策方面的相關(guān)信息。具體方法就是能夠以以貴州地方牛優(yōu)良品種務(wù)川黑牛為研究對(duì)象,選取分布于其7條染色體上的ETH10、ILSTS033、CSSM66、BM2113、ETH225、BM1818和CSRM60共7對(duì)微衛(wèi)星引物進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性分析;同時(shí),基于務(wù)川黑牛的歷史、發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀為基礎(chǔ),分析實(shí)際中務(wù)川黑牛在遺傳資源保護(hù)方面具體的狀況,然后可以通過優(yōu)化建立基于務(wù)川黑牛的保護(hù)區(qū)、黑牛核心保種群的策略,以及對(duì)務(wù)川黑牛遺傳資源進(jìn)行開發(fā)性的保護(hù),以確保務(wù)川黑牛遺傳資源得到有效保護(hù)。結(jié)論證實(shí),7個(gè)位點(diǎn)的平均等位基因數(shù)、平均有效等位基因數(shù)、平均期望雜合度、平均多態(tài)信息含量分別為3±1.15、2±0.89、0.6±0.10、0.47±0.13,說明務(wù)川黑牛具有良好的遺傳多樣性;通過格控制務(wù)川黑牛雜交代數(shù),確保務(wù)川黑牛級(jí)進(jìn)雜交不可以超過2代,也能夠及時(shí)在務(wù)川黑牛雜種后代中,優(yōu)化選擇遺傳性能優(yōu)良的務(wù)川黑牛進(jìn)行遺傳橫交固定,從而可以確保建立優(yōu)良的務(wù)川黑牛品系,可以優(yōu)化保護(hù)務(wù)川黑牛遺傳資源,取得實(shí)效。結(jié)論表明,綜合分析務(wù)川黑牛遺傳資源保護(hù)方面的具體狀況,并制定具體的務(wù)川黑牛遺傳資源保護(hù)技術(shù)路線與對(duì)策,能夠?yàn)榻窈髣?wù)川黑牛遺傳資源保護(hù)提供依據(jù),發(fā)揮積極影響。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the status of genetic resources and protection strategies of Wuchuan black cattle. The specific method was to select 7 pairs of microsatellite primers (ETH10,ILSTS033,CSSM66,BM2113,ETH225,BM1818 and CSRM60) distributed on 7 chromosomes of Wuchuan Black cattle, an excellent breed of Guizhou local cattle, for genetic diversity analysis. At the same time, based on the history, development and present situation of Wuchuan black cattle, this paper analyzes the specific situation of the conservation of genetic resources in the actual Wuchuan black cattle, and then optimizes the establishment of the reserve based on the Wuchuan black cattle. The core conservation strategy of black cattle and the exploitation protection of genetic resources of Wuchuan black cattle were carried out in order to ensure the effective protection of the genetic resources of Wuchuan black cattle. Conclusion the average allele number, effective allele number, average expected heterozygosity and average polymorphism information content of 7 loci were 3 鹵1.15, 2 鹵0.89, 0.6 鹵0.10,0.47 鹵0.13, respectively, and the mean heterozygosity was 3 鹵1.15, 2 鹵0.89, 0.6 鹵0.10, 0.47 鹵0.13, respectively. The results indicated that Wuchuan Black cattle had good genetic diversity. By controlling the crossing algebra of Wuchuan black cattle, we can ensure that Wuchuan black cattle can not exceed 2 generations, and in time, we can optimize and select Wuchuan black cattle with good genetic performance for genetic cross-crossing and fixation in the hybrid offspring of Wuchuan black cattle. Therefore, it can ensure the establishment of excellent lines of Wuchuan black cattle, optimize the protection of genetic resources of Wuchuan black cattle, and achieve practical results. The conclusion shows that the comprehensive analysis of the specific situation of the conservation of the genetic resources of Wuchuan black cattle and the formulation of specific technical routes and countermeasures for the conservation of the genetic resources of Wuchuan black cattle can provide the basis for the protection of the genetic resources of Wuchuan black cattle in the future. Give full play to the positive influence.
【作者單位】： 遵義職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院;貴州省遵義市農(nóng)業(yè)委員會(huì);
【基金】：貴州省農(nóng)業(yè)動(dòng)植物育種專項(xiàng),黔農(nóng)育專字(2014)11號(hào) 貴州省科技廳農(nóng)業(yè)攻關(guān)計(jì)劃,黔科合(2014)3049號(hào)
【分類號(hào)】：S823

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