不同固液比例飼喂模式對(duì)斷奶前后犢牛營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝及瘤胃發(fā)酵的影響
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to study the differences and similarities of nutrient metabolism and rumen fermentation of calves before and after weaning under different solid liquid ratios, so as to explore the weaning mode of calves based on different feeding modes. Thirty-six Holstein male calves of 7 days old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 calves in each group. Under the condition of keeping the same total dry matter feed rate, three feeding modes were formed: high liquid feed ratio (HL) group, particle feed: milk substitute powder kept at 1: 2 ~ 56 days old weaning at the age of 1: 2 ~ 56 days; In the control (LS) group, the grain size decreased gradually from 1:2 to 1: 1 / 56 days of weaning at the age of 28 ~ 56 days. In the (HS) group with high solid feed ratio, the grain: milk substitute powder was gradually reduced from 1:2 to 1: 0, and weaned at 42 days of age. The trial period was 77 days. The rumen fluid was collected at the age of 28, 42, 56 and 84 days, respectively, and the digestion and metabolism tests before and after weaning were carried out at 35 and 63 days of age, respectively. The results showed that before weaning, the total energy metabolism rate of HL,LS group was higher than that of HS group, but the difference was not significant (P0.05). After weaning, the digestible energy metabolism rate, nitrogen utilization rate and biological value of nitrogen in HS group were significantly higher than those in HL group (P0.05). Compared with HL group, the microorganism protein content of rumen fluid in HS group was significantly higher than that in HL group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration among three groups (P0.05). The concentration of total volatile fatty acids and the ratio of butyric acid in rumen fluid of HS group were significantly higher than those in HL group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in propionic acid and valeric acid ratio among groups (P0.05). To sum up, increasing the proportion of solid feed can improve the rumen fermentation environment of calves before and after weaning, promote the synthesis of rumen microbial protein, improve the energy metabolism rate, biological value of nitrogen and nitrogen utilization rate of postweaning calves. Using the high solid feed feeding mode, the calves had some advantages when the feed intake of 42-day-old solid feed reached 1.0 kg/d.
【作者單位】: 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院飼料研究所農(nóng)業(yè)部飼料生物技術(shù)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室奶牛營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;北京市畜牧總站;北京農(nóng)學(xué)院;
【基金】:奶牛產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系北京市創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì) 國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃課題“華北農(nóng)區(qū)及北方大城市奶牛健康養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)技術(shù)集成及產(chǎn)業(yè)化示范”(2012BAD12B06)
【分類號(hào)】:S823.5
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