【摘要】：本文主要以國外引進安格斯牛為研究對象,通過對2014年-2016年三年引進安格斯牛的生長性能、血清生化指標、血液生理指標,體尺指標,常規(guī)生理指標,繁殖性狀,發(fā)病情況,環(huán)境氣候,飼養(yǎng)管理條件這幾大指標進行測定,來反映引進純種安格斯牛在當?shù)氐倪m應性,并為當?shù)匾M良種牛提供數(shù)據(jù)基礎。試驗按照安格斯牛出生日齡基本一致、體重接近、性別一致為原則,分別對不同年齡階段的牛進行試驗。每一種類型的牛為一個試驗組。然后進行了以下研究:(1)分別對當?shù)嘏鰻倥！?月齡、12月齡、18月齡體尺數(shù)據(jù)進行連續(xù)3年測量,2014年為引進牛的數(shù)據(jù),2015年、2016年多為引進牛后代數(shù)據(jù),通過對引進牛與原產(chǎn)地的比較,引進牛和后代3年體尺體重的比較。對體尺體重變化進行總結(jié)分析得出在當?shù)嘏龅纳L適應性。(2)對各年齡階段牛在不同季節(jié)血液血清生理生化指標進行測定,分析出安格斯牛在不同季節(jié)的生長免疫指標的變化。(3)對當?shù)厝馀＜膊∵M行統(tǒng)計分析。分析數(shù)據(jù)反映出引進純種安格斯牛在當?shù)氐募膊∵m應性。具體結(jié)論如下:1、通過當?shù)嘏ｓw尺數(shù)據(jù)與原產(chǎn)地的參考數(shù)據(jù)進行比較,得到各類牛在體尺數(shù)據(jù)上差異不顯著(P0.05),表現(xiàn)出隨年份增加體尺指標也隨著提高。6月齡、12月齡、18月齡體重數(shù)據(jù)與原產(chǎn)地相比差異顯著(P0.05),2016年安格斯牛平均體重分別為232.25kg、411.53kg、580.64kg,國外參考范圍值為200.4kg、350.6kg、520.6kg。安格斯牛在當?shù)氐捏w尺增長高于原產(chǎn)地,具有更快的生長速度。2、舍飼條件下,黑色安格斯牛在體尺的增長高于紅色安格斯牛,除十字部外,其他體尺指標均差異顯著(P0.05)在生長性能上強于紅色安格斯。表現(xiàn)出更快的生長速度。3、各年齡階段的安格斯牛在冬季的生長指標低于其他季節(jié),表現(xiàn)出冬季的生長性能較低但高于原產(chǎn)地,且隨著不同年份的變化,各階段的牛指標都有所變化,呈現(xiàn)出隨著年份增長牛數(shù)據(jù)指標的適應性有所提高。4、安格斯牛在當?shù)乜偡敝陈士梢赃_到84.2%以上,2015年的總繁殖率達到89%以上。高于原產(chǎn)地的繁殖率,引進安格斯牛在當?shù)鼐哂辛己玫姆敝尺m應性。隨著安格斯牛在當?shù)厣畹臅r間的增長,安格斯牛的繁殖率有一定的提高。5、安格斯牛在當?shù)刂悴?異食癖較原產(chǎn)地提高2%的發(fā)病率,且隨年份增長有所降低。犢牛肺炎發(fā)病率也有所減少。成年牛的繁殖疾病發(fā)病率降低3%,飼養(yǎng)管理水平的提高,本身牛只對當?shù)丨h(huán)境的適應能力增強,表現(xiàn)出牛只對當?shù)丶膊∵m應能力隨年有所提升。綜上所述,引進純種安格斯牛在當?shù)鼐哂辛己玫倪m應性,并能表現(xiàn)出更高的生產(chǎn)性能。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the growth performance, serum biochemical index, blood physiological index, body size index, routine physiological index, reproductive character and incidence of Angus cattle introduced from 2014 to 2016 were studied. In order to reflect the adaptability of imported pure Angus cattle and to provide data basis for the introduction of improved breed cattle, the environmental climate and the breeding and management conditions were measured in order to reflect the adaptability of imported pure Angus cattle. According to the principle of the same age, the same body weight and the same sex of Angus cattle, the experiment was carried out at different ages. Each type of cattle is a test group. Then the following studies were carried out: (1) the body size data of local calves, 6 months old, 12 months old and 18 months old were measured for 3 consecutive years, 2014 was the data of imported cattle, and most of the data of 2015 and 2016 were imported cattle offspring. By comparing the imported cattle with the origin, the body weight of imported cattle and their offspring were compared in 3 years. The growth adaptability in local cattle farm was obtained by summing up and analyzing the body weight change. (2) the physiological and biochemical indexes of blood serum were measured in different seasons of cattle of different ages. The changes of growth and immunity indexes of Angus cattle in different seasons were analyzed. (3) the disease of local beef cattle was analyzed statistically. The analysis data reflect the local disease adaptability of imported pure Angus cattle. The specific conclusions are as follows: 1. By comparing the body size data of local cattle with the reference data of origin, it is found that there is no significant difference in body size data of all kinds of cattle (P0.05), which shows that the body size index increases with the increase of year, and increases with the age of 6 months. The average body weight of Angus cattle in 2016 was 232.25 kg, 411.53 kg, 580.64 kg, and the reference range was 200.4 kg / kg ~ 350.6 kg / kg ~ 520.6 kg / kg, respectively, compared with the original country (P0.05), the average body weight of Angus cattle in 2016 was 232.25 kg / kg ~ (411.53) kg / kg ~ 580.64 kg / kg, respectively. The growth rate of the body ruler of Angus is higher than that of native area, and it has a faster growth rate. 2. Under the condition of house feeding, the growth of the in vivo ruler of black Angus is higher than that of red Angus, except for the cross. Other body size indexes were significantly different (P0.05) in the growth performance of the stronger than the red Angus. The growth index of Angus in winter was lower than that in other seasons, and the growth performance of Angus in winter was lower but higher than that of origin, and it changed with different years. The indexes of cattle in all stages were changed, showing that the adaptability of cattle data increased with the increase of year. 4. The total fecundity rate of Angus could reach 84.2% in the local area and 89% in 2015. The breeding rate of the imported Angus cattle is higher than that of the origin, and the imported Angus cattle have good breeding adaptability in the local area. With the increase of the time of Angus living in the local area, the reproduction rate of Angus increased to a certain extent. 5. The incidence of foot and limb disease of Angus was increased by 2% than that of native place of origin, and decreased with the increase of year. The incidence of pneumonia in calves has also decreased. The incidence of reproductive diseases in adult cattle was reduced by 3%, and the raising and management level was improved, and the adaptability of cattle to local environment was enhanced, which showed that the adaptive ability of cattle to local diseases increased with years. To sum up, the introduction of pure Angus cattle has good adaptability in the local, and can show higher production performance.
【學位授予單位】：石河子大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S823

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