本文選題：階段控制體重法 + 氧化鋅法�。� 參考：《南京農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：因為生理特性制約,種鴿自然換羽時間較長,一般要2個多月,且換羽不均勻,對種鴿業(yè)發(fā)展和生產效益有很大的負面作用。強制換羽法可以將蛋雞換羽時間從3個多月縮短為1個多月,且換羽均勻,但有關強制換羽在種鴿的應用研究還未見報道。因此,本試驗主要采用階段控制體重法和氧化鋅法強制種鴿換羽,研究兩種強制換羽方法對種鴿產蛋性能、免疫性能及換羽相關基因表達的影響,旨在揭示強制換羽在種鴿生產中的應用可行性并篩選出強制換羽的最佳方法。1、兩種強制換羽方法對種鴿第二產蛋周期前期產蛋性能及血清免疫指標的影響本試驗旨在研究階段控制體重法和氧化鋅法對種鴿人工換羽的影響,同時研究兩種人工換羽方法對種鴿第二產蛋周期前期的產蛋性能及血清免疫指標的影響。將健康、體重相近的96對12月齡美國白羽王鴿隨機分為3組,其中對照組飼喂常規(guī)飼料；試驗A組限飼8-14天;試驗B組飼喂高鋅(2%ZnO+98%基礎日糧)日糧,7天后飼喂常規(guī)飼料。結果顯示:與對照組相比,試驗A組和B組死亡率分別升高1.17%(P0.05)和4.13%(P0.05)。試驗A組和B組種鴿換羽天數較對照組分別縮短了20.24d、21.31 d,差異均顯著(P0.05)。與對照組相比,換羽后產蛋期試驗A組和B組產蛋量分別提高19.78%(P0.05)和13.84%(P0.05),試驗A組和B組平均蛋重均增加(P0.05),試驗A組和B組日均采食量差異均不顯著(P0.05),試驗A組和B組畸形率和料蛋比均顯著減少(P0.05)。與對照組相比,試驗A組IgA、IgM 和 IgG 濃度分別提高 6.59%(P0.05)、3.48%(P0.05)和 8.81%(P0.05)。試驗 B 組 IgA、IgM 和 IgG 濃度分別提高 45.42%(P0.05)、7.80%(P0.05)和 8.47%(P0.05)。上述研究結果表明,兩種強制換羽方法都能夠促進種鴿換羽,并且可以提高種鴿在第二產蛋周期前期的產蛋性能及血清免疫球蛋白的濃度。2、兩種強制換羽方法強制換羽對種鴿換羽相關基因相對表達量的影響本試驗通過階段控制體重法和氧化鋅法強制種鴿換羽,并檢測和比較各組種鴿換羽期間和第二產蛋周期前期的換羽相關基因的相對表達量。試驗設計和方法同試驗一。結果顯示:與對照組相比,換羽中期,試驗A組和B組骨形態(tài)發(fā)生蛋白4(BMP4)基因相對表達量分別提高169%和133%,差異均顯著(P0.05)。成纖維細胞生長因子5(FGF5)基因相對表達量分別提高88%和121%,差異均顯著(P0.05)。換羽后期,試驗A和B組BMP4基因相對表達量分別提高129%和120%,差異均顯著(P0.05)。FGF5基因相對表達量分別提高98%和70%,差異均顯著(P0.05)。換羽后產蛋性能恢復時,試驗A和B組BMP4基因相對表達量分別提高25%和34%,差異均不顯著(P0.05)。FGF5基因相對表達量分別提高19%和23%,差異均不顯著(P0.05)。上述研究結果表明,兩種強制換羽方法對種鴿換羽期間換羽相關基因相對表達量具有顯著影響,但對第二產蛋周期前期無顯著影響。綜上所述,可以得出如下結論:(1)階段控制體重法和氧化鋅法都可以縮短種鴿換羽時間,也可以提高種鴿第二產蛋周期前期的產蛋性能及血清免疫球蛋白的濃度。兩種強制換羽方法對種鴿第二產蛋周期前期的免疫功能可能有加強作用;(2)階段控制體重法和氧化鋅法對種鴿換羽期間換羽相關基因表達有顯著的影響,但是在第二產蛋周期前期無顯著影響。(3)考慮兩種強制換羽方法對種鴿的死亡率和氧化鋅對環(huán)境的污染,階段控制體重法更有利于生產的應用與推廣。
[Abstract]:Because of the physiological characteristics, the pigeon has a long time to replace the feather for more than 2 months, and it has a negative effect on the development and production benefit of the pigeon industry. The forced feathering can shorten the laying time of the laying hens from 3 months to more than 1 months, and the feathering is even, but the application of the forced plume in the pigeon has not yet been studied. Therefore, this experiment mainly uses the stage control weight method and the Zinc Oxide method to force the pigeon to feathery, and studies the effects of two coercive plumes on the egg laying performance, immune performance and the expression of the related genes of the pigeons. The aim is to reveal the applicability of the forced plume in the production of pigeons and the best method of screening the two kinds of forced plume,.1, and two species. The effect of the forced plume method on the egg production performance and the serum immune index of the second egg production period of the pigeon was designed to study the effect of the control weight method and the Zinc Oxide method on the artificial feather change of the pigeon, and the effect of the two artificial feather replacement methods on the egg laying performance and the serum immune index in the early period of the second laying pigeon. 96 pairs of 12 month old United States white feather pigeons with similar health and weight were randomly divided into 3 groups, of which the control group was fed with conventional feed, the test group A was fed for 8-14 days, the experimental group B was fed with high zinc (2%ZnO+98% basal diet) diet and the conventional feed was fed for 7 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, the mortality rate of the test group and the B group increased 1.17% (P0.05) and 4.13% respectively. P0.05). The number of breeding pigeons in test A group and B group decreased by 20.24d, 21.31 D, and the difference was significant (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the egg production of A group and B group increased by 19.78% (P0.05) and 13.84% (P0.05) respectively. The deformity rate and egg ratio in group A and B group were significantly decreased (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the IgA, IgM and IgG concentrations in the experimental group were increased by 6.59% (P0.05), 3.48% (P0.05) and 8.81% (P0.05). The experimental B group, 7.80% (7.80%) and 8.47% (8.47%), respectively. The two coercive plumes can promote the breeding of pigeons, and improve the laying performance of the pigeons in the early period of the second laying period and the concentration of serum immunoglobulin.2. The effect of the two coercive plume replacement methods on the relative expression of the related genes of the pigeon feathers The relative expression of the plume related genes of the pigeons during the plume change period and the second period of the second egg production cycle was detected and compared. Experimental design and methods were in the same test. The results showed that compared with the control group, the relative expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene in the A and B groups was increased by 169% and 133%, respectively, and the difference was 169% and 133%, respectively. The relative expression of fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) gene increased by 88% and 121%, respectively (P0.05). The relative expression of BMP4 gene in A and B groups was increased by 129% and 120%, respectively (P0.05), the relative expression of.FGF5 gene was increased by 98% and 70%, respectively (P0.05). When the egg performance was restored, the relative expression of BMP4 gene in the A and B groups was increased by 25% and 34%, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P0.05), the relative expression of.FGF5 gene was increased by 19% and 23%, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P0.05). The results showed that the relative expression of the plume related genes during the feathers of the pigeons was significantly affected by the two coercive feathers. But there is no significant effect on the period of second egg production. In summary, the following conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) both the stage control weight method and the Zinc Oxide method can shorten the plume time of the pigeon, and also improve the egg laying performance and the concentration of the serum egg white in the early period of the second laying period of the pigeon. Two coercive feathers are the second production of the pigeon. The immune function in the early period of the egg cycle may have a strengthening effect. (2) stage control weight method and Zinc Oxide method have significant influence on the expression of the related genes during the plume replacement period, but there is no significant influence in the early period of the second egg production cycle. (3) the mortality of the pigeons and the pollution of the Zinc Oxide to the environment are considered, and the stage control is considered. The method of making weight is more beneficial to the application and popularization of production.
【學位授予單位】：南京農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S836

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